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Type of Government: Multiparty democracy History of current leader: Malawi, established in 1891, gained its independence from Britain in 1964. It held its first multi party election in 1994, after three decades of rule under President Hastings Kamuzu. President Bingu wa Mutharika, who was elected in May 2004, currently holds the position.
Due to growing pressure, Banda agreed to hold a referendum to let the public decide on the issue of multi-party rule. During the 1993 referendum, Malawians voted for a multi-party system and it became legal to form political parties in Malawi. Chihana's movement lead to the formation of his party, Alliance for Democracy (AFORD).
Malawi is a multi-party state system (see list of political parties in Malawi). Malawi began as a one-party state in 1964, with the MCP being the only party until 1993. A movement called the Alliance for Democracy (AFORD) under the leadership of Chakufwa Chihana grew, calling for the end of Kamuzu Banda's dictatorship. [29]
The Alliance for Democracy is a political party in Malawi that marked its history as laying the foundation for multi-party rule in Malawi.It began as an underground political movement during the Kamuzu Banda era and later evolved to a political party during the multi-party era under the leadership of trade union activist, Chakufwa Chihana.
Malawi was a British colony, known as Nyasaland, from 1891 to 1964. The colonial era saw the exploitation of Malawi's natural resources and the suppression of local cultures and traditions. The British exploited Malawi's natural resources, including tobacco, tea, and sugar, and imposed their own language, culture, and political systems. [1] [2]
Things improved after the ratification in that year of Malawi's new, "unusually progressive" [1] constitution, which introduced multi-party democracy. However, toward the end of the presidency of Bingu wa Mutharika, who died in office in April 2012, the situation worsened, only to improve rapidly following the accession to the presidency of ...
[13] [14] [15] After the introduction of a multiparty system in 1993, Banda lost the 1994 general election. Today, Malawi has a democratic, multi-party republic headed by an elected president. According to the 2024 V-Dem Democracy indices, Malawi is ranked 74th electoral democracy worldwide and 11th electoral democracy in Africa. [16]
A referendum on reintroducing multi-party democracy was held in Malawi on 14 June 1993. Over 64% of voters voted to end the Malawi Congress Party 's 27-year monopoly on power. Soon afterwards President Hastings Banda , leader since independence, was stripped of both his post of President for life and most of the dictatorial powers he had held ...