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  2. Garbage in, garbage out - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garbage_in,_garbage_out

    In computer science, garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) is the concept that flawed, biased or poor quality ("garbage") information or input produces a result or output of similar ("garbage") quality. The adage points to the need to improve data quality in, for example, programming.

  3. Phosphotyrosine-binding domain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphotyrosine-binding_domain

    The PTB domains facilitate interaction with the activated tyrosine-phosphorylated insulin receptor. The PTB domain is situated towards the N terminus . Two arginines in this domain are responsible for hydrogen bonding phosphotyrosine residues on an Ac -LYASSNPApY- NH2 peptide in the juxtamembrane region of the insulin receptor.

  4. Chemical similarity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_similarity

    Chemical similarity (or molecular similarity) refers to the similarity of chemical elements, molecules or chemical compounds with respect to either structural or functional qualities, i.e. the effect that the chemical compound has on reaction partners in inorganic or biological settings.

  5. Gauche effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauche_effect

    The gauche effect is very sensitive to solvent effects, due to the large difference in polarity between the two conformers.For example, 2,3-dinitro-2,3-dimethylbutane, which in the solid state exists only in the gauche conformation, prefers the gauche conformer in benzene solution by a ratio of 79:21, but in carbon tetrachloride, it prefers the anti conformer by a ratio of 58:42. [9]

  6. Principle (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_(chemistry)

    Principle, in chemistry, refers to a historical concept of the constituents of a substance, specifically those that produce a certain quality or effect in the substance, such as a bitter principle, which is any one of the numerous compounds having a bitter taste. The idea of chemical principles developed out of the classical elements.

  7. Physical chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_chemistry

    Physical chemistry, in contrast to chemical physics, is predominantly (but not always) a supra-molecular science, as the majority of the principles on which it was founded relate to the bulk rather than the molecular or atomic structure alone (for example, chemical equilibrium and colloids).

  8. Rule of mutual exclusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_mutual_exclusion

    The rule of mutual exclusion in molecular spectroscopy relates the observation of molecular vibrations to molecular symmetry.It states that no normal modes can be both Infrared and Raman active in a molecule that possesses a center of symmetry.

  9. Regioselectivity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regioselectivity

    In organic chemistry, regioselectivity is the preference of chemical bonding or breaking in one direction over all other possible directions. [1] [2] It can often apply to which of many possible positions a reagent will affect, such as which proton a strong base will abstract from an organic molecule, or where on a substituted benzene ring a further substituent will be added.