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The Cox maze procedure, also known as maze procedure, is a type of heart surgery for atrial fibrillation. "Maze" refers to the series of incisions arranged in a maze -like pattern in the atria . Today, various methods of minimally invasive maze procedures, collectively named minimaze procedures , are used.
James Cox, MD, and associates developed the "maze" or "Cox maze" procedure, an "open-heart" cardiac surgery procedure intended to eliminate atrial fibrillation, and performed the first one in 1987. [1] "Maze" refers to the series of incisions arranged in a maze-like pattern in the atria. The intention was to eliminate AF by using incisional ...
The equipment cost and lack of specialized training have limited the widespread use of PFA, making it unavailable to many patients. [8] Recent (2024) comparisons of PFA with thermal methods have shown reduced time spent in surgery, but no superiority in safety and no better reduction of atrial fibrillation. [10]
The system, PulseSelect Pulsed Field Ablation (PFA), is used for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), a condition that is characterized by an irregular rhythm of the heart. PFA is used for ...
Named after the Major League Baseball pitcher who was the first professional athlete to undergo the procedure, in 1974. [8] Toupet fundoplication: Andre Toupet: Upper gastrointestinal surgery: Fundoplication with 270° posterior wrap: Laparoscopy Hospital article: Trendelenburg's operation [9] Friedrich Trendelenburg: Cardiothoracic surgery
Arrhythmias can also occur, most-commonly atrial fibrillation (incidence of 20–40%) that is treated with correcting electrolyte balance, and rate and rhythm control. [42] [38] However, arrhythmia such as ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation can be a sign of postoperative myocardial ischemia that is treated depending on the cause. [48]
The left atrial appendage is a pouch-like structure located in the upper part of the left atrium. [1] Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is an alternative therapy to oral anticoagulation in a certain subset of patients with atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by an irregular and uncoordinated pumping function of the atria.
This procedure makes heart surgery possible for patients who were previously considered too high risk for traditional surgery due to age or medical history. [5] [6] Patients referred for this procedure may have coronary artery disease (CAD); aortic, mitral or tricuspid valve diseases; or previous unsuccessful stenting.