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Translating a text from one language into a second, and then from the second language back into the first, rarely reproduces exactly the original writing. Likewise, unless a significant number of words are contained in the multilingual text, limited information can be gleaned from it. [5]
The simple view of reading is that reading is the product of decoding and language comprehension. In this context, “reading” refers to “reading comprehension”, “decoding” is simply recognition of written words [1] and “language comprehension” means understanding language, whether spoken or written.
Monosemy can also be understood as an attribute of a language (though this is not precisely what Charles Ruhl's theory articulates), namely the absence of semantic ambiguity in language. The artificial language Lojban and its predecessor Loglan represent attempts at creating monosemous languages.
Linear A and Cretan hieroglyphs are scripts from an unknown language, one possibility being a yet to be deciphered Minoan language. [1] Several words have been decoded from the scripts, but no definite conclusions on the meanings of the words have been made. Phaistos Disc, c. 2000 BC. Linear A, c. 1800 BC – 1450 BC, partially deciphered ...
Reading comprehension and vocabulary are inextricably linked together. The ability to decode or identify and pronounce words is self-evidently important, but knowing what the words mean has a major and direct effect on knowing what any specific passage means while skimming a reading material.
Shannon's diagram of a general communications system, showing the process by which a message sent becomes the message received (possibly corrupted by noise). seq2seq is an approach to machine translation (or more generally, sequence transduction) with roots in information theory, where communication is understood as an encode-transmit-decode process, and machine translation can be studied as a ...
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of sight or touch. [1] [2] [3] [4]For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.
Thus, encoding/decoding is the translation needed for a message to be easily understood. When you decode a message, you extract the meaning of that message in ways to simplify it. Decoding has both verbal and non-verbal forms of communication: Decoding behavior without using words, such as displays of non-verbal communication.