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Contrabass (from Italian: contrabbasso) refers to several musical instruments of very low pitch—generally one octave below bass register instruments. While the term most commonly refers to the double bass (which is the bass instrument in the orchestral string family, tuned lower than the cello), many other instruments in the contrabass register exist.
The contrabass saxophone is the second-lowest-pitched extant member of the saxophone family proper. It is pitched in E♭ one octave below the baritone saxophone, which requires twice the length of tubing and bore width. This renders a very large and heavy instrument, standing approximately 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) tall and weighing around 20 ...
Bassline (also known as a bass line or bass part) is the term used in many styles of music, such as blues, jazz, funk, dub and electronic, traditional, and classical music, for the low-pitched instrumental part or line played (in jazz and some forms of popular music) by a rhythm section instrument such as the electric bass, double bass, cello, tuba or keyboard (piano, Hammond organ, electric ...
The contrabassoon is a very deep-sounding woodwind instrument that plays in the same sub-bass register as the tuba, double bass, or contrabass clarinet.It has a sounding range beginning at B ♭ 0 (or A 0, on some instruments) and extending up over three octaves to D 4, though the highest fourth is rarely scored for.
The pitch of this instrument today identifies it as a contra alto clarinet. However, it never came onto the market. Around 1880 the Italian clarinet maker Alessandro Maldura built a contra alto clarinet in E ♭ of grenadilla wood with 14 keys, 1.93 m long, which he called Clarone grande , exhibited at the 1881 Italian National Exhibition in Milan.
The serpent is a low-pitched early wind instrument in the lip-reed family, developed in the Renaissance era. It has a trombone-like mouthpiece, with six tone holes arranged in two groups of three fingered by each hand.
The tubax was developed in two sizes in 1999 by German instrument manufacturer Benedikt Eppelsheim, the lower of which, pitched in B♭, he describes as a "subcontrabass saxophone". [4] This instrument provides the same pitch range as the saxophone bourdon would have, while the smaller tubax in E♭ covers the range of the contrabass saxophone.
The standard pitch has varied widely over history, [39] and this has affected how flutes are made. [17] Although the standard concert pitch today is A 4 = 440 Hz, many manufacturers optimize the tone hole size/spacings for higher pitch options such as A 4 = 442 Hz or A 4 = 444 Hz.