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Rye (Secale cereale) is a grass grown extensively as a grain, a cover crop and a forage crop. It is grown principally in an area from Eastern and Northern Europe into Russia. It is much more tolerant of cold weather and poor soil than other cereals, making it useful in those regions; its vigorous growth suppresses weeds and provides abundant forage for animals early in the yea
In July 1973, the Soviet Union purchased 10 million short tons (9.1 × 10 ^ 6 t) of grain (mainly wheat and corn) from the United States at subsidized prices, which caused global grain prices to soar. Crop shortfalls in 1971 and 1972 forced the Soviet Union to look abroad for grain.
When crossing wheat and rye, wheat is used as the female parent and rye as the male parent (pollen donor). The resulting hybrid is sterile and must be treated with colchicine to induce polyploidy and thus the ability to reproduce itself. The primary producers of triticale are Poland, Germany, Belarus, France and Russia.
Rye flour is a constituent of bread in central and northern Europe, [69] while rice flour is common in Asia. [70] A cereal grain consists of starchy endosperm, germ, and bran. Wholemeal flour contains all of these; white flour is without some or all of the germ or bran. [71] [72]
The grain is cleaned, sorted by the type of grain, its size and then peeled (if necessary) before being hulled. Additionally, the grains can be sliced on a "groat cutter", which can be adjusted to cut fine, medium, or coarse groats. Regardless, thereafter, the groats are freed from any adhering parts of the shell by a brushing machine.
AC Hazlet rye is a fall rye variety that was developed by Canadian breeder Dr. Grant Macleod of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. [1] AC Hazlet rye is a medium-sized fall rye variety whose seed crop is produced and distributed through SeCan, a not-for-profit Canadian commodity crop seed distribution cooperative, and is then grown on a commodity scale in Canada [1]
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The best-known species of the genus is the cultivated rye, S. cereale, which is grown as a grain and forage crop. Wild and weedy rye species help provide a huge gene pool that can be used for improvement of the cultivated rye. [1] The genus Secale includes the cultivated rye and four to eleven wild species depending on the species criteria used.