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U.S. Gazetteer, TIGER/Line shapefiles, census data. National Historical Geographic Information System: NHGIS provides free of charge, aggregate census data and GIS-compatible boundary files for the United States between 1790 and 2012. Atlas of Historical County Boundaries Project (AHCBP)
Shapefiles : are a data exchange format created by ESRI and one of the most widely used GIS/geodata formats. One "shapefile" usually include four different files : .shp, .shx, .dbf, .prj.
QGIS is a geographic information system (GIS) software that is free and open-source. [2] QGIS supports Windows , macOS , and Linux . [ 3 ] It supports viewing, editing, printing, and analysis of geospatial data in a range of data formats.
Using QGis will be mainly helpful in generating topographic backgrounds (png, svg), shaded reliefs (png), and administrative regions or borders (png, svg), and applying various styles to them. While GRASS GIS still seems to be the most common GIS software, it has a primarily command-line interface and can be difficult to learn and operate.
The shapefile format is a geospatial vector data format for geographic information system (GIS) software. It is developed and regulated by Esri as a mostly open specification for data interoperability among Esri and other GIS software products . [ 1 ]
Shapefiles connect dots, just like a vector program like Inkscape does. You can start to learn Inkscape skills for instance through Logos by Nick on YT, by just spending 5 to 30 minutes a day. By taking little steps, you can progress into other free programs like QGIS, and if you still enjoy the process, end up using Blender for 3D animation ...
This was most common from the 1970s through the early 1990s, because GIS software developers had to invent their own geometry data structures, but incorporated existing relational database file formats for the attributes. For example, the Esri Shapefile format includes the .dbf file from the DOS dBase software.
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