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  2. Criminal-justice financial obligations in the United States

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal-justice_financial...

    Fines and forfeiture of property – These are considered a form of punishment. In February 2019, the Supreme Court ruled that civil asset forfeiture may constitute excess fines and therefore be unconstitutional, even when imposed by states. [3] Costs and fees – These may include court costs, fees for supervision, payments for legal ...

  3. Classes of offenses under United States federal law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classes_of_offenses_under...

    Maximum fine [2] [note 1] Probation term [3] [note 2] Maximum supervised release term [4] [note 3] Maximum prison term upon supervised release revocation [5] Special assessment [6] [note 4] Felony A Life imprisonment (or death in certain cases of murder, treason, espionage or mass trafficking of drugs) $250,000: 1-5 years: 5 years: 5 years ...

  4. Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraud_Enforcement_and...

    An act to improve enforcement of mortgage fraud, securities fraud and commodities fraud, financial institution fraud, and other frauds related to Federal assistance and relief programs, for the recovery of funds lost to these frauds, and for other purposes. Acronyms (colloquial) FERA: Enacted by: the 111th United States Congress: Effective: May ...

  5. Fine (penalty) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine_(penalty)

    A fine or mulct (the latter synonym typically used in civil law) is a penalty of money that a court of law [1] or other authority decides has to be paid as punishment for a crime or other offense.

  6. Civil penalty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_penalty

    The civil fine is not considered to be a criminal punishment, because it is primarily sought in order to compensate the state for harm done to it, rather than to punish the wrongful conduct. As such, a civil penalty, in itself, will not carry a punishment of imprisonment or other legal penalties. [1] [better source needed]

  7. Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehensive_Crime...

    Increased federal penalties for cultivation, possession, or transfer of marijuana; A new section in the criminal code for hostage taking; Abolished parole for federal prisoners convicted after November 1, 1987 [5] Made several new offenses federal crimes, including arson, murder-for-hire, trademark violations, credit card fraud, and computer ...

  8. Federal prosecution of public corruption in the United States

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_prosecution_of...

    Several statutes, mostly codified in Title 18 of the United States Code, provide for federal prosecution of public corruption in the United States.Federal prosecutions of public corruption under the Hobbs Act (enacted 1934), the mail and wire fraud statutes (enacted 1872), including the honest services fraud provision, the Travel Act (enacted 1961), and the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt ...

  9. United States v. Bajakajian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Bajakajian

    United States v. Bajakajian, 524 U.S. 321 (1998), is a U.S. Supreme Court case holding that asset forfeiture is unconstitutional when it is "grossly disproportional to the gravity of the defendant’s offense", citing the Excessive Fines clause of the Eighth Amendment. [1]