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According to a meta-analysis of 17 implicit bias interventions, counterstereotype training is the most effective way to reduce implicit bias. [14] In the area of gender bias, techniques such as imagining powerful women, hearing their stories, and writing essays about them have been shown to reduce levels of implicit gender bias on the IAT. [15]
There are few studies explicitly linking cognitive biases to real-world incidents with highly negative outcomes. Examples: One study [11] explicitly focused on cognitive bias as a potential contributor to a disaster-level event; this study examined the causes of the loss of several members of two expedition teams on Mount Everest on two consecutive days in 1996.
The experimenter may introduce cognitive bias into a study in several ways — in the observer-expectancy effect, the experimenter may subtly communicate their expectations for the outcome of the study to the participants, causing them to alter their behavior to conform to those expectations. Such observer bias effects are near ...
Second, the cognitive bias is altered in a manner that does not involve instructing the individual to intentionally change such information-processing selectivity. Rather, change in the cognitive bias is induced by introducing a contingency designed such that successful task performance will be enhanced by adoption of a new pattern of responding.
Our findings on the effect of cultural background is novel and significant because in Australia, where the population is culturally diverse, current policy and administrative actions have focused on addressing gender bias, but less on cultural or racial bias. We found some evidence that the proportion of women or staff with non-English language ...
Selective perception may refer to any number of cognitive biases in psychology related to the way expectations affect perception.Human judgment and decision making is distorted by an array of cognitive, perceptual and motivational biases, and people tend not to recognise their own bias, though they tend to easily recognise (and even overestimate) the operation of bias in human judgment by ...
Egocentric bias is the tendency to rely too heavily on one's own perspective and/or have a different perception of oneself relative to others. [35] The following are forms of egocentric bias: Bias blind spot , the tendency to see oneself as less biased than other people, or to be able to identify more cognitive biases in others than in oneself.
The curse of knowledge, also called the curse of expertise [1] or expert's curse, is a cognitive bias that occurs when a person who has specialized knowledge assumes that others share in that knowledge. [2] For example, in a classroom setting, teachers may have difficulty if they cannot put themselves in the position of the student.