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The South Sea pearl or Philippine pearl was declared by Philippine President Fidel Ramos as the national gem in 1996 through Proclamation No. 905. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The oyster and pearl are depicted on the reverse side of the Philippine New Generation Currency Series 1,000-peso bill .
Black South Sea pearls, or Tahitian pearls come from the black-lip oyster; gold and silver South Sea pearls from the gold-lip and silver-lip oysters; and Akoya cultured pearls from Pinctada fucata martensii, the Akoya pearl oyster. Pearls are also obtained in commercial quantities from some species of the closely related winged oyster genus ...
Pinctada margaritifera, commonly known as the black-lip pearl oyster, is a species of pearl oyster, a saltwater mollusk, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Pteriidae. This species is common in the Indo-Pacific within tropical coral reefs. The ability of P. margaritifera to produce pearls means that
Jewelmer is a jewelry brand from the Philippines, established in 1979 by Jacques Branellec and Manuel Cojuangco. [1] [2] The company specializes in jewelry made with South Sea Pearls. [3] [4] Since 2022, Jewelmer has collaborated with the Miss Universe Philippines beauty pageant, designing the La Mer en Majesté crown for the winners.
Mitsubishi's Baron Iwasaki immediately applied the technology to the south sea pearl oyster in 1917 in the Philippines, and later in Buton, and Palau. Mitsubishi was the first to produce a cultured south sea pearl – although it was not until 1928 that the first small commercial crop of pearls was successfully produced.
Overall, oyster farms are more common, as oysters are more widespread, although mussels are more valuable. Mussel farms are placed in deeper water than oyster farms. For both, farms are usually smaller than 1 hectare (2.5 acres). [16] Mussel and oyster farming is a small part of overall aquaculture, with limited domestic demand.
Pterioidea is a superfamily of epifaunal marine bivalves mostly inhabiting continental shelf regions of tropical and subtropical oceans. The superfamily includes the economically-important saltwater pearl oysters as well as the oddly shaped hammer oysters (neither of which, however, is considered a true oyster).
This oyster along with the Pacific wing-oyster (Pteria sterna) was the subject of a pearl fishery in the Gulf of California since before the arrival of Hernando Cortez in 1535. The Spaniards quickly appreciated the value of the harvest and in 1586 declared the gathering of oysters to be a right of the Spanish crown . [ 10 ]