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The use of pyrethrin in products such as natural insecticides and pet shampoo, for its ability to kill fleas, increases the likelihood of toxicity in mammals that are exposed. Medical cases have emerged showing fatalities from the use of pyrethrin, prompting many organic farmers to cease use.
Chemical structure of Allethrin isomers Chemical structure of Permethrin isomers. A pyrethroid is an organic compound similar to the natural pyrethrins, which are produced by the flowers of pyrethrums (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium and C. coccineum). Pyrethroids are used as commercial and household insecticides. [1]
Permethrin [54] Ambush, Pounce Pyrethroid: 1 – 2 days Safened by repellency under arid conditions. Permethrin is also the active ingredient in insecticides used against the Small hive beetle, which is a parasite of the beehive in the temperate climate regions. Highly toxic Cypermethrin [55] Ammo, Demon, Raid, Viper Pyrethroid: Less than 2 hours
The allethrins are a group of related synthetic compounds used in insecticides. They are classified as pyrethroids, i.e. synthetic versions of pyrethrin, a chemical with insecticidal properties found naturally in Chrysanthemum flowers. They were first synthesized in the United States by Milton S. Schechter in 1949.
Pyrethroids are synthetic insecticides based on natural pyrethrum ; one common example is permethrin. Pyrethrins are often sold in preparations that also contain the synthetic chemical piperonyl butoxide , which enhances the toxicity to insects and is faster acting compared with pyrethrins used alone.
Imiprothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide.It is an ingredient in some commercial and consumer insecticide products for indoor use. It has low acute toxicity to humans through the inhalation and dermal routes, but to insects it acts as a neurotoxin causing paralysis.