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Stiegel's glass works in the Province of Pennsylvania was the first in America to make fine lead crystal, which is often mislabeled as flint glass. [64] Amelung invested more money in glassmaking than anyone ever had and produced impressive quality glass with engraving—although his Maryland glass works failed after 11 years. [65]
Additional ingredients may be added to color the glass. For example, an oxide of cobalt is used to make glass blue. [3] Broken and scrap glass, known as cullet, is often used as an ingredient to make new glass. The cullet melts faster than the other ingredients, which results in some savings in fuel cost for the furnace. Cullet typically ...
The National Glass Company controlled 19 glass companies, which meant it controlled about 75 percent of the glass tableware market in the United States. [106] The American Window Glass Company trust was created in 1898, and it had over half of the nation's window glassmaking capacity in part because it consisted of many of the large works that ...
Mechanical pressing of glass reduced the time and labor necessary to make glass products, which lowered costs and made glass products available to more of the public. [32] An 1884 U.S. government report considered mechanical pressing and a new formula for glass to be the two great advances in American glassmaking during the 19th century. [ 25 ]
Early American molded glass refers to glass functional and decorative objects, such as bottles and dishware, that were manufactured in the United States in the 19th century. The objects were produced by blowing molten glass into a mold, thereby causing the glass to assume the shape and pattern design of the mold.
J.S. O’Connor Rich Cut Glass has been described as one of the most extensive glass cutting factories in America with O’Connor recalled as one of the finest glass cutters in the nation. The factory was said to be one of a kind in America, run by waterpower and lit by electricity generated by its own electrical plant.
Broadly, modern glass container factories are three-part operations: the "batch house", the "hot end", and the "cold end". The batch house handles the raw materials; the hot end handles the manufacture proper—the forehearth, forming machines, and annealing ovens; and the cold end handles the product-inspection and packaging equipment.
Glass globes for Benjamin Franklin's electrostatic machines were made by Wistarburg Glass Works. [17] Wistar's factory produced about 15,000 glass bottles per year made in the Waldglas style, which had been a way of making glass in Europe since the Middle Ages. It was an inexpensive traditional method whereby the main materials of wood ash and ...