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The Albers equal-area conic projection, or Albers projection, is a conic, equal area map projection that uses two standard parallels. Although scale and shape are not preserved, distortion is minimal between the standard parallels. It was first described by Heinrich Christian Albers (1773-1833) in a German geography and astronomy periodical in ...
Used in aviation charts. 1805 Albers conic: Conic Equal-area Heinrich C. Albers: Two standard parallels with low distortion between them. c. 1500: Werner: Pseudoconical Equal-area, equidistant Johannes Stabius: Parallels are equally spaced concentric circular arcs.
A contour chart of scale factors of GS50 projection Maps reflecting directions, such as a nautical chart or an aeronautical chart , are projected by conformal projections. Maps treating values whose gradients are important, such as a weather map with atmospheric pressure , are also projected by conformal projections.
Coordinate charts are mathematical objects of topological manifolds, and they have multiple applications in theoretical and applied mathematics. When a differentiable structure and a metric are defined, greater structure exists, and this allows the definition of constructs such as integration and geodesics .
Equirectangular projection of the world; the standard parallel is the equator (plate carrée projection). Equirectangular projection with Tissot's indicatrix of deformation and with the standard parallels lying on the equator True-colour satellite image of Earth in equirectangular projection Height map of planet Earth at 2km per pixel, including oceanic bathymetry information, normalized as 8 ...
Here, represents latitude; represents longitude; and and are the projected (planar) coordinates for a given (,) coordinate pair. For example, the sinusoidal projection is a very simple equal-area projection. Its generating formulae are:
The reference point (λ 0, φ 0) with longitude λ 0 and latitude φ 0, transforms to the x,y origin at (0,0) in the rectangular coordinate system. [5] The Y axis maps the central meridian λ 0, with y increasing northwards, which is orthogonal to the X axis mapping the central parallel φ 0, with x increasing eastwards. [5]
Aeronautical chart on Lambert conformal conic projection with standard parallels at 33°N and 45°N. A Lambert conformal conic projection ( LCC ) is a conic map projection used for aeronautical charts , portions of the State Plane Coordinate System , and many national and regional mapping systems.