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Pashtunization (Pashto: پښتون جوړونه, Dari: پشتونسازی), [1] [2] [3] is a process of cultural or linguistic change in which someone or something non-Pashtun becomes acculturated to Pashtun influence. Pashtuns are the largest ethnic group in Afghanistan and second-largest in Pakistan.
Pashtunistan (Pashto: پښتونستان, lit. 'land of the Pashtuns') [4] or Pakhtunistan is a historical region on the crossroads of Central and South Asia, located on the Iranian Plateau, inhabited by the Pashtun people of southern and eastern Afghanistan [5] and northwestern Pakistan, [6] [7] wherein Pashtun culture, the Pashto language, and identity have been based.
Tarbur means "cousin" in Pashto, so tarbur could be an enemy as well in the Pashtun culture that they can occupy your land or property. Every Pashtun tribe is then divided into subtribes, also called khel or zai. Zai in Pashto means "descendant". William Crooke has said that khel is from an Arabic word meaning "association" or "company". [11]
Pashto [b] (/ ˈ p ʌ ʃ t oʊ / PUH-shto, [6] [4] [5] / ˈ p æ ʃ t oʊ / PASH-toe; [c] پښتو, Pəx̌tó, [pəʂˈto, pʊxˈto, pəʃˈto, pəçˈto]) is an Eastern Iranian language in the Indo-European language family, natively spoken in northwestern Pakistan and southern and eastern Afghanistan.
The Pashtuns of Punjab (Punjabi, Urdu: پنجابی پٹھان; Pashto: د پنجاب پښتانه), also called Punjabi Pathans [4] or Pathans, are descendants of Pashtun settlers, [5] [6] an eastern Iranian ethnic group, in the Punjab region of Pakistan [7] and India. [3]
Pashtun culture (Pashto: پښتون کلتور) is based on Pashtunwali, as well as speaking of the Pashto language and wearing Pashtun dress. Pashtunwali and Islam are the two main factors which make the baseline for the social behavior in Pashtun society. [ 1 ]
Dialectical Map of Pashto: An edited map of the Pashtun tribes, from Olaf Caroe’s “The Pathans”. The North Eastern dialects have been highlighted in dark blue, the North Western dialects in light blue, the North-Central (North Karlāṇi) is pink, the South-Central (South Karlāṇi) in red, the South Eastern in orange and the South Western in yellow.
[1] [2] Moreover, a large minority of Pashto -speaking Pashtuns exist in the cities of Karachi and, to a lesser extent, Interior Sindh, who have migrated after around the 60's and 70's and even a portion of these Pashtuns are Afghan refugees.