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In the United States, one may now claim conscientious objector status based on a personal belief system that need not be Christian, nor even based on religion. [ 28 ] Peace churches, especially those with sufficient financial and organizational resources, have attempted to heal the ravages of war without favoritism.
A notable example of a conscientious objector was the Austrian devout Roman Catholic Christian Franz Jägerstätter, who was executed on August 9, 1943, for openly refusing to serve in the Nazi Wehrmacht, consciously accepting the penalty of death.
Conscientious objection must be "sincere and meaningful" and occupy "a place in the life of its possessor parallel to that filled by an orthodox belief in God". [4] Any mixture of sincere religious, moral, or ethical beliefs can qualify as conscientious objection. [5]
Maximilian of Tebessa, also known as Maximilian of Numidia, (Latin: Maximilianus; AD 274–295) was a Christian saint and martyr, whose feast day is observed on 12 March.. Born in AD 274, the son of Fabius Victor, an official connected to the Roman army, Maximilian was obliged to enlist at the age of
There were several conscientious objects among the Quakers, including seven who died in England during the war. [25] During the war a No-Conscription Fellowship was set up and by 1916, there was a British conscience clause which allowed conscientious objectors to argue for their non-conscription in front of a tribunal. [26]
During World War II, he was a conscientious objector, and served in a Civilian Public Service camp established by the Catholic Worker Movement. [1] Zahn later transferred to Rosewood State Training School in Maryland, a school for the developmentally disabled. He worked there as a conscientious objector until April 1946.
Joshua Casteel (27 December 1979 – 25 August 2012) was a United States Army soldier, conscientious objector, playwright, and divinity student. [1] [2] [3] He volunteered for the army in 2002 and conducted interrogations in Abu Ghraib prison. In 2005 he received an honorable discharge as a conscientious objector. He was active in the anti-war ...
Benjamin Joseph Salmon (October 15, 1888 – February 15, 1932) was an American Christian pacifist, Roman Catholic, conscientious objector and outspoken critic of just war theory. Salmon believed no war could be morally justified. [1]