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Text shaping is the process of converting text to glyph indices and positions as part of text rendering. [1] It is complementary to font rendering as part of the text rendering process; font rendering is used to generate the glyphs, and text shaping decides which glyphs to render and where they should be put on the image plane. [2]
A glyph (/ ɡ l ɪ f / GLIF) is any kind of purposeful mark. In typography , a glyph is "the specific shape, design, or representation of a character". [ 1 ] It is a particular graphical representation, in a particular typeface , of an element of written language.
On April 23, 2008 High-Logic released Scanahand, a font generator for Windows that allows the user to print out a form, manually fill in the glyphs, scan it into the program and generate new fonts. The most recent version, Scanahand 7.0, was released in January 2020 and last updated in July 2020.
The total number of distinct Egyptian hieroglyphs increased over time from several hundred in the Middle Kingdom to several thousand during the Ptolemaic Kingdom.. In 1928/1929 Alan Gardiner published an overview of hieroglyphs, Gardiner's sign list, the basic modern standard.
The final proposal for Unicode encoding of the script was submitted by two cuneiform scholars working with an experienced Unicode proposal writer in June 2004. [4] The base character inventory is derived from the list of Ur III signs compiled by the Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative of UCLA based on the inventories of Miguel Civil, Rykle Borger (2003), and Robert Englund.
Transliteration is the representation of written symbols in a consistent way in a different writing system, while transcription indicates the pronunciation of a text. For the case of Ancient Egyptian, precise details of the phonology are not known completely.
From here, a single token is specified to represent the homoglyph set. This token is called a canon. The next step is to convert each character in the text to the corresponding canon in a process called canonicalization. If the canons of two runs of text are the same but the original text is different, then a homoglyph exists in the text.
2 Control-D has been used to signal "end of file" for text typed in at the terminal on Unix / Linux systems. Windows, DOS, and older minicomputers used Control-Z for this purpose. 3 Control-G is an artifact of the days when teletypes were in use. Important messages could be signalled by striking the bell on the teletype.