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The exploration done with caravels made the spice trade of the Portuguese and the Spanish possible. However, for the trade itself, the caravel was soon replaced by the larger carrack (nau), which could carry larger, more profitable cargoes. The caravel was one of the pinnacle ships in Iberian ship development from 1400 to 1600.
Square-rigged caravel or caravela de armada, of João Serrão (Livro das Armadas) in the 4th Portuguese India Armada (Gama, 1502). The square-rigged caravel (Portuguese: caravela redonda), was a sailing ship created by the Portuguese in the second half of the fifteenth century.
A popular design of European origin is the carrack, which utilized caravel construction techniques, allowing ships to increase in size dramatically, far past that which was capable with clinker building techniques. [4] Seen throughout the 14th and 15th century, these ships were used for trade between European powers and their foreign markets.
Most scholars believe that it originated in India from 600 BC to 600 AD, although there are some who claim that the sanbuk, a type of dhow, may be derived from the Portuguese caravel. [6] [7] However, Portuguese caravels only appeared in the area in the late 15th century. The dhow was the ship of trade first used by the Somalis.
Archaeological excavation shows its carvel-built hull carried three masts, and featured a forecastle and lapstrake stern castle. With a keel length of about 25.5 meters and an overall length in excess of 30 meters, it was a large ship for the time, especially in the Baltic Sea.
A cargo vessel used for trade between Eastern India and Indochina Brig A two-masted, square-rigged vessel Brigantine A two-masted vessel, square-rigged on the foremast and fore-and-aft rigged on the main Caravel (Portuguese) A much smaller, two, sometimes three-masted ship Carrack
Commercial trade propelled new technologies to improve ships, but another factor was for military reasons. Military conquest was a motivation; the scale of war increased to an unprecedented amount in the sixteenth century. [31] Countries needed to prove their military might to show that they could maintain their sovereignty.
The Cantino planisphere, made by an anonymous cartographer in 1502, shows the world as it was understood by Europeans after their great explorations at the end of the fifteenth century. Portuguese maritime exploration resulted in the numerous territories and maritime routes recorded by the Portuguese as a result of their intensive maritime ...