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This block is one of three displacements, 302/327/350, that underwent a crankshaft bearing diameter transformation for 1968 when the rod-journal size was increased from the 2 in (50.8 mm) diameter small-journal to a 2.1 in (53.3 mm) large-journal and a main-journal size that was increased from 2.3 in (58.4 mm) to 2.45 in (62.2 mm).
The crankshaft stroke and main journal size changed among the years with the more popular 389CI and 400CI having a 3.00" diameter main journal and the 421/428/455 sharing a larger 3.25" diameter main journal. The V8 was phased out in 1981, replaced by GM "corporate engines" such as the Chevrolet 305 cu in small block V8.
The Chevrolet small-block engine refers to one of the several gasoline-powered vehicle engines manufactured by General Motors. These include: The first or second generation of non-LS Chevrolet small-block engines; The third, fourth, or fifth generation of LS-based GM engines; The Chevrolet Gemini small-block engine
There were other major differences between the Turbo-Thrift engine and the Stovebolt: Bore spacing matches the Chevrolet small-block V8's 4.4 inches,; Stroke of the 194 and 230 engines is the same 3 + 1 ⁄ 4 in (82.6 mm) as the 327 small-block and 348 big-block V8s
Sometimes confused with the Buick designed and built 215 cu in (3.5 L) aluminum V8 that Pontiac had used in the two years prior, the "Pontiac 215" was an adaptation of Chevrolet's 194 cu.in. inline 6 currently produced and the new 230 cu in (3.8 L) overhead valve Turbo-Thrift straight-6.
When describing a crankshaft design, the number of main bearings is generally quoted, as the number of crank pins is determined by the cylinder layout. For example, the Toyota VZ V6 engine is described as having a "four bearing crankshaft" and the Jaguar XK6 straight-six engine has a "seven bearing crankshaft". [2] [3]
In 1966 the L78 was available exclusively in the intermediate line. For 1967 the engine was additionally available in Chevrolet's new pony car, the Camaro. The following year the motor became available in the compact Chevy II also. For the 1970 model year the 396 was bored 0.03 in (0.76 mm), resulting in a 402 cu in (6.6 L) engine.
Chevy's small-block V8 – the most consistent component of past Corvette performance – was rated by the buff books to be even better in the Sting Ray. The 1963 was noted to have an edge over past models in both traction and handling because the new independent rear suspension reduced wheel spin compared to the live-axle cars.