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This particular function is considered a scaffold's most basic function. Scaffolds assemble signaling components of a cascade into complexes. This assembly may be able to enhance signaling specificity by preventing unnecessary interactions between signaling proteins, and enhance signaling efficiency by increasing the proximity and effective concentration of components in the scaffold complex.
The protein SHC1 also acts as a scaffold protein which is used in cell surface receptors. [7] The three proteins that SHC1 codes for have distinctly different molecular weights. [8] All three SHC1 proteins share the same domain arrangement consisting of an N-terminal phosphotyrosine-binding(PTB) domain and a C-terminal Src-homology2(SH2) domain.
SCRIB, also known as Scribble, SCRIBL, or Scribbled homolog (Drosophila), is a scaffold protein which in humans is encoded by the SCRIB gene. [5] [6] It was originally isolated in Drosophila melanogaster in a pathway (also known as the Scribble complex) with DLGAP5 (Discs large) and LLGL1 (Lethal giant larvae) as a tumor suppressor. [7]
In biology, the chromosome scaffold is the backbone that supports the structure of the chromosomes. It is composed of a group of non-histone proteins that are essential in the structure and maintenance of eukaryotic chromosomes throughout the cell cycle. These scaffold proteins are responsible for the condensation of chromatin during mitosis. [1]
Adaptor proteins contain a variety of protein-binding modules that link protein-binding partners together and facilitate the creation of larger signaling complexes. These proteins tend to lack any intrinsic enzymatic activity themselves, [ 2 ] instead mediating specific protein–protein interactions that drive the formation of protein complexes .
One of these subunits, a large glycoprotein "scaffoldin", is a distinctive class of non-catalytic scaffolding polypeptides. The scaffoldin subunit selectively integrates the various cellulases and xylanase subunits into the cohesive complex, by combining its cohesin domains with a typical dockerin domain present on each of the subunit enzymes.
The original Affibody protein scaffold was designed based on the Z domain (the immunoglobulin G binding domain) of protein A. These molecules are the newly developed class of scaffold proteins derived from the randomization of 13 amino acids located in two alpha helices involved in the binding activity of the parent protein domain. Lately ...
Scaffold (chemistry), the core structure of a compound or a class of compounds; Scaffold protein, a regulator of cell signalling pathways; Scaffold, a protein that is used as a starting point for the design of antibody mimetics; Tissue scaffold, in tissue engineering, an artificial structure capable of supporting three-dimensional tissue formation