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Therefore, adaptor proteins are responsible for the recruitment of cargo molecules into a growing clathrin-coated pits. [2] The two major types of clathrin adaptor complexes are the heterotetrameric vesicular transport adaptor proteins (AP1-5), and the monomeric GGA (Golgi-localising, Gamma-adaptin ear homology, ARF-binding proteins) adaptors.
Clathrin is a protein that plays a role in the formation of coated vesicles. Clathrin was first isolated by Barbara Pearse in 1976. [ 1 ] It forms a triskelion shape composed of three clathrin heavy chains and three light chains.
The AP2 adaptor complex is a multimeric protein that works on the cell membrane to internalize cargo in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. [1] It is a stable complex of four adaptins which give rise to a structure that has a core domain and two appendage domains attached to the core domain by polypeptide linkers. These appendage domains are ...
Clathrin adaptor proteins, also known as adaptins, are proteins that mediate the formation of vesicles for intracellular trafficking and secretion. Adaptins are clustered subunits of adaptor protein (AP) complexes. [1] There are several types of adaptin, each related to a different AP complex.
AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP2A1 gene. [5] This gene encodes the alpha 1 adaptin subunit of the adaptor protein 2 (AP2 adaptors) complex found in clathrin coated vesicles. The AP-2 complex is a heterotetramer consisting of two large adaptins (alpha or beta), a medium adaptin (mu), and a small ...
Adaptor Protein, COPI and TSET complexes. More trafficking pathways. Note, the colors are not the same as in the lead figure A rendering of a COPII tube. The early evolution of adaptor protein complexes The evolution of TSET, COPI and APs from the Last Eukaryotic Common Ancestor Production of a clathrin coated vesicle Electron microscope image of a coated vesicle.
The protein encoded by this gene is one of two large chain components of the AP2 adaptor complex, which serves to link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. The encoded protein is found on the cytoplasmic face of coated vesicles in the plasma membrane. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [7]
Adaptins, together with medium and small subunits, form a heterotetrameric complex called an adaptor, whose role is to promote the formation of clathrin-coated pits and vesicles. The protein encoded by this gene is a gamma-adaptin protein and it belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunits family.