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Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. [3] Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood . [ 3 ] When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired , weak, short of breath , or having decreased ability to exercise. [ 1 ]
Iron deficiency, or sideropenia, is the state in which a body lacks enough iron to supply its needs. Iron is present in all cells in the human body and has several vital functions, such as carrying oxygen to the tissues from the lungs as a key component of the hemoglobin protein, acting as a transport medium for electrons within the cells in the form of cytochromes, and facilitating oxygen ...
This type of anemia is caused by impaired DNA synthesis and repair, often from deficient thymidine production. [2] Thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome also causes megaloblastic anemia. [2] The red blood cells grow larger because they cannot produce DNA quickly enough to divide at the right time, thus growing too large before division.
The body regulates iron levels by regulating each of these steps. For instance, enterocytes synthesize more Dcytb, DMT1 and ferroportin in response to iron deficiency anemia. [13] Iron absorption from diet is enhanced in the presence of vitamin C and diminished by excess calcium, zinc, or manganese. [14]
Anemia of prematurity (AOP) refers to a form of anemia affecting preterm infants [1] with decreased hematocrit. [2] AOP is a normochromic, normocytic hypoproliferative anemia. The primary mechanism of AOP is a decrease in erythropoietin (EPO), a red blood cell growth factor.
Symptoms include recurrent fever, weight loss, an enlarged spleen (felt during a rectal examination), anemia, and swelling of the lower chest, abdominal wall, penile sheath, scrotum, and legs. [citation needed] Chronic: The horse tires easily and is unsuitable for work. The horse may have a recurrent fever and anemia, and may relapse to the ...