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Baltic Sea hypoxia refers to low levels of oxygen in bottom waters, also known as hypoxia, occurring regularly in the Baltic Sea. As of 2009 [update] the total area of bottom covered with hypoxic waters with oxygen concentrations less than 2 mg/L in the Baltic Sea has averaged 49,000 km 2 over the last 40 years.
The Baltic Sea is the main trade route for the export of Russian petroleum. Countries neighboring the Baltic Sea have expressed concerns about this since a major oil leak in a seagoing tanker would be especially disastrous for the Baltic given the slow exchange of water in the ecosystem.
Polluter pays principle, that is, make the party responsible for producing pollution responsible for paying for the damage done to the environment. The aim of the States-Parties to the Convention is to prevent and eliminate pollution of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area caused by harmful substances [4] from all sources, including:
Two Moscow-based research institutes produced a detailed Russian action plan focusing on the environment for the Baltic region earlier this year and presented it to President Vladimir Putin’s ...
The Baltic Sea saltwater inflow, known as the major Baltic inflow (MBI), refers to a significant influx of saline water from the North Sea into the Baltic Sea through the Danish straits. In the Baltic Sea, dense seawater from the North Sea sinks to the bottom and moves along the seabed , displacing the often oxygen-depleted water in the deep ...
They hope this painstaking work, part of a new project that trains local citizens to restore seagrass meadows in the Baltic Sea, can help tackle climate change. "It's like underwater gardening ...
The Danish straits are the straits connecting the Baltic Sea to the North Sea through the Kattegat and Skagerrak. Historically, the Danish straits were internal waterways of Denmark ; however, following territorial losses, Øresund and Fehmarn Belt are now shared with Sweden and Germany , while the Great Belt and the Little Belt have remained ...
A regional sea convention and a platform for environmental policy making at the regional level, HELCOM works for the protection of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea. HELCOM consists of ten members – the nine Baltic Sea countries Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia and Sweden, plus the European Union.