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mimalloc (pronounced "me-malloc") is a free and open-source compact general-purpose memory allocator developed by Microsoft [2] with focus on performance characteristics. The library is about 11000 lines of code and works as a drop-in replacement for malloc of the C standard library [3] and requires no additional code changes.
The C programming language manages memory statically, automatically, or dynamically.Static-duration variables are allocated in main memory, usually along with the executable code of the program, and persist for the lifetime of the program; automatic-duration variables are allocated on the stack and come and go as functions are called and return.
Specifically, C allows a void* pointer to be assigned to any pointer type without a cast, while C++ does not; this idiom appears often in C code using malloc memory allocation, [9] or in the passing of context pointers to the POSIX pthreads API, and other frameworks involving callbacks. For example, the following is valid in C but not C++:
The function was present on Unix systems as early as 32/V (1978), but is not part of Standard C or any POSIX standard. A safer version of alloca called _malloca, which allocates on the heap if the allocation size is too large, and reports stack overflow errors, exists on Microsoft Windows. It requires the use of _freea.
The stdbit.h header has been added from ISO C2X. Support for shadow stacks on x86_64, new security features, and the removal of libcrypt. 2.40: July 2024: Partial support for the ISO C23 standard, a new tunable for the testing of setuid programs, improved 64-bit ARM vector support. 2.41: TBA: Add sinpi, cospi, tanpi functions.
Another example in the same computer family was the 16-bit protected mode of the 80286 processor, which, though supporting only 16 MB of physical memory, could access up to 1 GB of virtual memory, but the combination of 16-bit address and segment registers made accessing more than 64 KB in one data structure cumbersome.
16-bit: PDP-11 (influenced VAX and M68000) 32-bit: VAX; 64-bit: Alpha; Intel 8008, 8080 and 8085. Zilog Z80; x86: 16-bit x86, first used in the Intel 8086 Intel 8086 and 8088 (the latter was used in the first and early IBM PC) Intel 80186; Intel 80286 (the first x86 processor with protected mode, used in the IBM PC AT) IA-32, introduced in the ...
The only notable differences in alignment for an LP64 64-bit system when compared to a 32-bit system are: A long (eight bytes) will be 8-byte aligned. A double (eight bytes) will be 8-byte aligned. A long long (eight bytes) will be 8-byte aligned.