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The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements regulate international relations with respect to Antarctica, Earth's only continent without a native human population. The treaty has now been signed by 58 countries, including the United Kingdom, the United States, and the now-defunct Soviet Union.
The main treaty was opened for signature on 1 December 1959, and officially entered into force on 23 June 1961. [4] The original signatories were the 12 countries active in Antarctica during the International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957–58: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. [1]
Colonization of Antarctica is the establishing and maintaining of control over Antarctic land for exploitation and possibly settlement. [1]Antarctica was claimed by several states since the 16th century, culminating in a territorial competition in the first half of the 20th century when its interior was explored and the first Antarctic camps and bases were set up.
The treaty entered into force in 1961 and sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve, established freedom of scientific investigation and banned military activity on that continent. The treaty was the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War. [134]
1814 – Treaty of Ghent – Ends the War of 1812 between the U.S. and Great Britain, returning the two countries to the status quo ante bellum. 1815 – Commercial treaty with Great Britain – Established free trade between the United States , England , and much of the British Empire ( Ireland was among the areas excluded) [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ]
Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty; S. Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty This page was last edited on 14 October 2019, at 22:10 (UTC). ...
The temperature was 2.9 degrees above the estimated temperature between 1850-1900, often referred to as the preindustrial era. ... parties signed the Paris Agreement, a treaty aimed at keeping ...
Treaty establishing the neutrality and autonomous government of Samoa. [78]:116: Pan American Union: Treaty between the United States and countries in Latin America. Would later become the Organization of American States. [78]:129: 1891 Treaty of Madrid (1891) [note 124] Gives France legal protection of the word champagne. Puna de Atacama dispute