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Therapists outline the four different attachment styles—secure, anxious, avoidant, and fearful-avoidant—plus how to identify yours, cope, and change it.
Experts break down the different types of attachment styles: secure, avoidant, anxious and disorganized. Plus, how it affects relationships.
The anxious-preoccupied attachment style has been associated with a heightened vigilance towards emotionally significant social cues, as evidenced by increased activation in the amygdala during social appraisal tasks. [9] This may contribute to the tendency to be overly concerned about the availability and responsiveness of attachment figures.
Relationship participants with anxious and avoidant attachment styles have been linked to a decreased level of commitment. [17] Nor are secure attachment styles the only attachment styles associated with stable relationships. Adults with the anxious–preoccupied attachment style often find themselves in long-lasting, but unhappy, relationships.
For example, individuals with an avoidance attachment style produce higher levels of the pro inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) when reacting to an interpersonal stressor, [211] while individuals representing an anxious attachment style tend to have elevated cortisol production and lower numbers of T cells. [212]
A therapist explains the four attachment styles of attachment theory—secure, ambivalent, avoidant, and disorganized—and how they affect adult relationships.
Attachment theory, which focuses on the early relationship between a child and their primary caregivers, delineates three main attachment styles: anxious (preoccupied), avoidant (dismissive), and ...
A child with the anxious-avoidant insecure attachment pattern will avoid or ignore the caregiver, showing little emotion when the caregiver departs or returns. The child will not explore very much regardless of who is there. Infants classified as anxious-avoidant (A) represented a puzzle in the early 1980s.