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A labor camp (or labour camp, see spelling differences) or work camp is a detention facility where inmates are forced to engage in penal labor as a form of punishment. Labor camps have many common aspects with slavery and with prisons (especially prison farms). Conditions at labor camps vary widely depending on the operators.
Whitewater was a labour camp for German prisoners-of-war in Riding Mountain National Park, Manitoba, Canada. Operating from 1943 to 1945, the camp was built on the northeast shore of Whitewater Lake, approximately 300 kilometres (190 mi) north-west of Winnipeg. The camp consisted of fifteen buildings and housed 440 to 450 prisoners of war. [1] [2]
With the onset of spring, the camp returned once more to the Castle Mountain site. This process of return and relocation would continue until August 1917 when the camp was finally closed when the internees were conditionally released to industry to meet the growing labour shortage. The Castle Mountain camp was a difficult facility to administer.
The camps were identified by letters at first, then by numbers. [5] In addition to the main camps there were branch camps and labour camps. The prisoners were given various tasks; many worked in the forests as logging crews or on nearby farms; they were paid a nominal amount for their labour. Approximately 11,000 were thus employed by 1945.
Many of these internees were used for forced labour in internment camps. [7] There was a severe shortage of farm labour, so in 1916–17 nearly all of the internees were "paroled". [8] Many parolees went to the custody of local farmers. They were paid at current wage rates, usually 20 cents per hour, with fifty cents a day deducted for room and ...
With three work camps located in British Columbia, those interned found "there was no greuling labour to be done at the Vernon Camp." [ 9 ] The Mara Lake, Monashee and Edgewood camps—all located in the Okanagan Valley—contributed to lasting infrastructure projects in the region, such as building roads linking Vernon and Kelowna to the Trans ...
1949 – Controversial U.S. labour unionist Hal C. Banks comes to Canada to assist in a labour dispute between rival shipping unions. [39] The Canadian Seamen's Union was red-baited and attacked by Hal C. Banks and others, and replaced by the Seafarers' International Union. By 1950 the Canadian Merchant Navy had no more ships under its control ...
In November of 1932 camps started in eastern Canada and immediately housed over 2000 men. [3] To cut costs, the government set up these camps in or in close proximity to existing military facilities and used the military's personnel and administrative experience to keep the camps running effectively. [2] Each camp worked on "projects"; British ...