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On 31 December, 1703, an 8.2 magnitude earthquake struck Edo. A tsunami up to 11.7 metres (38 ft) high was recorded along the coast of the Kantō Region. Official reports put the death toll of the earthquake disaster at 5,233 people, but some estimates put it as high as 200,000. [84] 1707: Nankai, Japan: 1707 Hōei earthquake: Earthquake
When the tsunami's wave peak reaches the shore, the resulting temporary rise in sea level is termed run up. Run up is measured in metres above a reference sea level. [58] A large tsunami may feature multiple waves arriving over a period of hours, with significant time between the wave crests.
The highest death toll was in Hafun, with 19 dead and 160 people presumed missing out of its 5,000 inhabitants. This was the highest number of casualties in a single African town and the largest tsunami death toll in a single town to the west of the Indian subcontinent. Small drawbacks were observed before the third and most powerful tsunami ...
A 3-metre (9.8 ft) tsunami caused moderate damage to the port and airport facilities on Simeulue, and a 2-metre (6.6 ft) tsunami was recorded on the west coast of Nias. [21] Much smaller waves, most detectable only in tide gauge recording systems, were recorded across the Indian Ocean; for example, a 0.21m wave was recorded at Colombo , Sri Lanka .
A seismogram recorded in Massachusetts, United States. The magnitude 9.1 (M w) undersea megathrust earthquake occurred on 11 March 2011 at 14:46 JST (05:46 UTC) in the north-western Pacific Ocean at a relatively shallow depth of 32 km (20 mi), [9] [56] with its epicenter approximately 72 km (45 mi) east of the Oshika Peninsula of Tōhoku, Japan, lasting approximately six minutes.
According to Swedish authorities, some 20,000–30,000 citizens were in the tsunami-affected areas at the time, mainly in Thai resorts. 543 persons were reported deceased, and over 1,500 in need of emergency medical help and/or transportation home. 528 bodies had been identified as of May 16, 2006. [19]
The 2004 Sri Lanka tsunami train wreck is the largest single rail disaster in world history by death toll, with 1,000 fatalities or more. It occurred when a crowded passenger train (No 50, Matara Express) was destroyed on a coastal railway in Sri Lanka by a tsunami that followed the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. The tsunami subsequently caused ...
The exact death toll from this event remains uncertain, but reports range from 5,000 to 41,000 casualties. [ 2 ] [ 4 ] The tsunami, caused by the Meiō Nankaidō earthquake, washed away the building that housed the statue of the Great Buddha at Kōtoku-in in Kamakura , although the statue itself remained intact.