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Rail transport in Spain operates on four rail gauges and services are operated by a variety of private and public operators. Total railway length in 2020 was 15,489 km (9,953 km electrified). [ 2 ] The Spanish high-speed rail network is the longest HSR network in Europe with 3,966 km (2,464 mi) and the second longest in the world, after China 's.
The Transcantábrico is a metre-gauge tourist train service, crossing northern Spain along the Bay of Biscay.It is the oldest of Spain's tourist trains, managed by the Spanish public company FEVE since its inauguration in 1983 until 2012, when FEVE disappeared and Renfe Operadora took over.
The line supports the longest railway tunnel in Spain at 28 km in length and is served on the Madrid–León route by up to two AVE S-102 (Pato, max speed 330 km/h or 205 mph) trains per day with the fastest schedule lasting 2 hours and 6 minutes, one AVE S-106 (max speed 330 km/h or 205 mph) Madrid–Gijón train per day that covers the ...
The units are 6 car compositions featuring both 1-floor and 2-floor passenger cars (the latter being the 2 middle cars). The units are 100 meters in length, have a top speed of 140 km/h and capacity for 905 passengers. The trains feature two train protection systems, ASFA and ETCS. [56]
Spain has 11,791 km of track with this gauge. [2] Since 1992, all high-speed rail lines in Spain have been built to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge, providing direct connections without break-of-gauge with the French railway system. The high speed line that was projected to run from Madrid to Lisbon was also to have been built at ...
The main railway networks of Spain were initially constructed to a 1,672 mm (5 ft 5 + 13 ⁄ 16 in) gauge of six Castilian feet. Those of Portugal were instead built to a 1,435 mm ( 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in ) and later railways to a 1,664 mm ( 5 ft 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 in ) gauge of five Portuguese feet – close enough to allow interoperability with Spanish ...
Alvia is a high-speed train service in Spain offered by Renfe Operadora on long-distance routes with a top speed of 250 km/h (160 mph). The trains have the ability to use both Iberian gauge and standard gauge, which allows them to travel on the recently constructed high-speed lines for part of the journey before switching to the "classic" Iberian gauge network to complete it.
Map of the Spanish rail network in 2019, with colour-coded track types. Renfe Operadora operates on conventional Iberian gauge (red), high speed (blue), and narrow gauge (green) lines. A Renfe train ticket. Renfe (Spanish pronunciation:, Eastern Catalan:), officially Renfe-Operadora, is Spain's national state-owned railway company.