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In the 18th century, many native tribes were attacking Spanish settlements in Arizona. To counter this, the Spanish Army built several presidios in northern New Spain.In 1751, the native Pima people revolted against the Spanish in the Pima Revolt, and over 100 settlers were killed and most of the remaining settlers fled in fear, leaving several missions abandoned. [3]
Spanish missions in New Mexico; Spanish missions in the Sonoran Desert (including Sonora and southern Arizona) On general missionary history: Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery; List of the oldest churches in Mexico; On colonial Spanish American history: Spanish colonization of the Americas; California mission clash of cultures
In 1850, Arizona and New Mexico formed the New Mexico Territory. In 1853, President Franklin Pierce sent James Gadsden to Mexico City to negotiate with Santa Anna, and the United States bought the remaining southern strip area of Arizona and New Mexico in the Gadsden Purchase. A treaty was signed in Mexico in December 1853, and then, with ...
Mexican American workmen making adobe bricks at the Casa Verdugo, California. In the 1920s, Mexicans met the increasing demand for cheap labor on the West Coast. Mexican refugees continued to migrate to areas outside the Southwest; they were recruited to work in the steel mills of Chicago during a strike in 1919, and again in 1923. [254]
A majority of Arizona and a part of New Mexico became administered by the United States during the late 1840s as a result of the American victory in the Mexican–American War; the southernmost portion of the state, including Tucson, was purchased by the U.S. in 1854.
Spanish missions in the Sonoran Desert. The missions are in an area of the Sonoran Desert, then called "Pimería Alta de Sonora y Sinaloa" (Upper Pima of Sonora and Sinaloa), now divided between the Mexican state of Sonora and the U.S. state of Arizona.
After the New Spain independence from Spain in 1821, Southern Arizona was incorporated into the Mexican state of Sonora in 1822, although the Hispanic population remained small. Sonora became in the Estado de Occidente in 1824. Arizona was thinly colonized by Mexico in the 1840s, with little protection from much larger Amerindian population.
The Gadsden Purchase (Spanish: Venta de La Mesilla "La Mesilla sale") [2] is a 29,640-square-mile (76,800 km 2) region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico that the United States acquired from Mexico by the Treaty of Mesilla, which took effect on June 8, 1854.