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In 300 series stainless steels the austenitic structure obtained primarily by adding nickel. In 200 series stainless steels the structure is obtained by adding manganese and nitrogen, with a small amount of nickel content, making 200 series a cost-effective nickel-chromium austenitic type stainless steel.
Austenite, also known as gamma-phase iron (γ-Fe), is a metallic, non-magnetic allotrope of iron or a solid solution of iron with an alloying element. [1] In plain-carbon steel , austenite exists above the critical eutectoid temperature of 1000 K (727 °C); other alloys of steel have different eutectoid temperatures.
Manganese and nickel lower the eutectoid temperature and are known as austenite stabilizing elements. With enough of these elements the austenitic structure may form at room temperature. Carbide-forming elements raise the eutectoid temperature and stabilize ferrites. [1]: 395–396
The high nickel and molybdenum contents of the AL-6XN alloy give it good resistance to chloride stress-corrosion cracking. The molybdenum confers resistance to chloride pitting . The nitrogen content serves to further increase pitting resistance and also gives it higher strength than typical 300 series austenitic stainless steels, and thereby ...
It normally has more nickel, copper, and interstitial carbon and nitrogen. [10] Plastic deformation occurs in austenite more readily than in ferrite. [11] [2] During deformation, straight slip bands form in the austenite grains and propagate to the ferrite-austenite grain boundaries, assisting in the slipping of the ferrite phase. Curved slip ...
The main differences in composition, when compared with austenitic stainless steel is that duplex steels have a higher chromium content, 20–28%; higher molybdenum, up to 5%; lower nickel, up to 9% and 0.05–0.50% nitrogen. Both the low nickel content and the high strength (enabling thinner sections to be used) give significant cost benefits.
2) Deformation in non-recrystallization regions. Austenite grains are elongated by rolling. Deformation bands might present within the band as well. Elongated grain boundaries and deformation bands are all nucleation sites for ferrite. 3) Deformation in austenite-ferrite two phase region. Ferrite nucleates and austenite are further work-hardened.
HY-80 is prone to the formation of martensite and martensite's peak hardness is dependent on its carbon content. HY-80 is an FCC material that allows carbon to more readily diffuse than in FCC materials such as austenitic stainless steel. Nickel – Adds to toughness and ductility to the HY-80 and is also an austenite stabilizer.