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Azacitidine is indicated for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome, [4] for which it received approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on 19 May 2004. [11] [4] [12] In two randomized controlled trials comparing azacitidine to supportive treatment, 16% of subjects with myelodysplastic syndrome who were randomized to receive azacitidine had a complete or partial normalization ...
Decitabine (i.e., 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine), sold under the brand name Dacogen among others, acts as a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor. [4] It is a medication for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes , a class of conditions where certain blood cells are dysfunctional, and for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). [ 5 ]
A hypomethylating agent (or demethylating agent [1]) is a drug that inhibits DNA methylation: the modification of DNA nucleotides by addition of a methyl group.Because DNA methylation affects cellular function through successive generations of cells without changing the underlying DNA sequence, treatment with a hypomethylating agent is considered a type of epigenetic therapy.
FDA label information for Vidaza, a formulation of 5-azacitidine (an unmethylatable analog of cytidine that causes hypomethylation when incorporated into DNA) states that "men should be advised not to father a child" while using the drug, citing evidence in treated male mice of reduced fertility, increased embryo loss, and abnormal embryo ...
Malignant melanoma of the extremities, multiple myeloma, conditioning treatment before haemopoietic stem cell transplant. Myelosuppression, pulmonary fibrosis and pneumonitis (uncommon), skin necrosis (uncommon), anaphylaxis, hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and SIADH. Secondary malignancies. [16] Streptozotocin: IV, PO: Alkylates DNA.
Lomustine is used as an "off-label" veterinary treatment for cancers in cats and dogs. [5] Clinical trials have demonstrated the drug's success in treating progressive lymphomas, mast cell tumors, and brain cancers. [11] [12] The chemotherapy has also been used to treat sarcomas and spinal cord tumors in these animals. [5]
Venetoclax is also indicated as part of a combination therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). [7] For this purpose it is used with azacitidine, decitabine, or low-dose cytarabine for newly diagnosed adults who are age 75 years or older, or those with other health problems where intensive chemotherapy cannot be used.
LTCI, manufactured by T-Cyte Therapeutics, has been conditionally approved by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) as an aid in the treatment of cats infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and/or feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and the associated symptoms of lymphopenia, opportunistic infection, anemia, granulocytopenia ...