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A prime example is the Sakurajima eruption in 1914 (approximately 1.5 km 3 in volume), which caused the magma chamber to sink 60 cm. 58 people were killed in the eruption. [4] For this amount of magma to erupt, it would take approximately 130 years for the chamber to refill as according to Dr James Hickey and his co-authors.
Sakurajima (Japanese: 桜島, lit. ' Cherry Blossom Island ' ) is an active stratovolcano , formerly an island and now a peninsula, in Kagoshima Prefecture in Kyushu , Japan. [ 2 ] The lava flows of the 1914 eruption connected it with the Ōsumi Peninsula . [ 3 ]
Volcanoes near plate boundaries and mid-ocean ridges are built by the decompression melting of mantle rock that rises on an upwelling portion of a convection cell to the crustal surface. Eruptions associated with subducting zones, meanwhile, are driven by subducting plates that add volatiles to the rising plate, lowering its melting point.
In the Sakurajima Channel, eel grass grows atypically to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) high. [8] Octocorallia coral is found in the deeper southern portions of the bay. [ 9 ] A very rare Lamellibrachia tube worm Lamellibrachia satsuma is found in the bay at a very shallow depth for the genus of only 82 m (269 ft). [ 10 ]
These plates comprise the bulk of the continents and the Pacific Ocean. For purposes of this list, a major plate is any plate with an area greater than 20 million km 2 (7.7 million sq mi) African plate – Tectonic plate underlying Africa – 61,300,000 km 2 (23,700,000 sq mi)
The subduction plates have pulled the Japanese archipelago eastward, created the Sea of Japan, ... Sakurajima is the most active volcano in Japan. [154]
Sakura-jima eruption as seen on August 18, 2013. Showa crater is a feature on Sakurajima mountain volcano, in southern Japan.On 18 August 2013, the volcano erupted from Showa crater and produced its highest recorded plume of ash since 2006, rising 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) high and causing darkness and significant ash falls on the central part of Kagoshima city.
Envisioned focal area of M9.1 Nankai Trough Megathrust Earthquake, by Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion, 2013.. Nankai megathrust earthquakes (Japanese: 南海トラフ巨大地震, Hepburn: Nankai Torafu Kyodai Jishin) are great megathrust earthquakes that occur along the Nankai megathrust – the fault under the Nankai Trough – which forms the plate interface between the ...