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In a circularly linked list, all nodes are linked in a continuous circle, without using null. For lists with a front and a back (such as a queue), one stores a reference to the last node in the list. The next node after the last node is the first node. Elements can be added to the back of the list and removed from the front in constant time.
The first node (the "head") is a sentinel: it stores no interesting information and is only used for its next pointer. The operations that must be supported on lists are as follows. Given a node n that is not yet part of the list, and a pointer p to a node in the list (perhaps the head), insert n after p. Given a pointer p, delete p.next from ...
The first and last nodes of a doubly linked list for all practical applications are immediately accessible (i.e., accessible without traversal, and usually called head and tail) and therefore allow traversal of the list from the beginning or end of the list, respectively: e.g., traversing the list from beginning to end, or from end to beginning, in a search of the list for a node with specific ...
The relationship between U and L implies that two half-full nodes can be joined to make a legal node, and one full node can be split into two legal nodes (if there's room to push one element up into the parent). These properties make it possible to delete and insert new values into a B-tree and adjust the tree to preserve the B-tree properties.
The address of the next node, going forwards, is given by adding the link field to the previous node's address; the address of the preceding node is given by subtracting the link field from the next node's address. The subtraction linked list is also special in that the entire list can be relocated in memory without needing any patching of ...
Diagram of deleting a node from a singly linked list, for linked list article. created and released into the public domain by Derrick Coetzee in Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator but finally drawn in Inkscape and stored with the option important. Date: 24 April 2011: Source: Own work based on: Singly linked list delete after.png by Derrick ...
An internal node (also known as an inner node, inode for short, or branch node) is any node of a tree that has child nodes. Similarly, an external node (also known as an outer node, leaf node, or terminal node) is any node that does not have child nodes. The height of a node is the length of the longest downward path to a leaf from that node ...
Linked list implementations, especially one of a circular, doubly-linked list, can be simplified remarkably using a sentinel node to demarcate the beginning and end of the list. The list starts out with a single node, the sentinel node which has the next and previous pointers point to itself. This condition determines if the list is empty.