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A uniprocessor system is defined as a computer system that has a single central processing unit that is used to execute computer tasks. As more and more modern software is able to make use of multiprocessing architectures, such as SMP and MPP, the term uniprocessor is therefore used to distinguish the class of computers where all processing tasks share a single CPU.
Multiprocessing is the use of two or more central processing units (CPUs) within a single computer system. [1] [2] The term also refers to the ability of a system to support more than one processor or the ability to allocate tasks between them.
A multiprocessor system is defined as "a system with more than one processor", and, more precisely, "a number of central processing units linked together to enable parallel processing to take place". [1] [2] [3] The key objective of a multiprocessor is to boost a system's execution speed. The other objectives are fault tolerance and application ...
Diagram of a symmetric multiprocessing system. Symmetric multiprocessing or shared-memory multiprocessing [1] (SMP) involves a multiprocessor computer hardware and software architecture where two or more identical processors are connected to a single, shared main memory, have full access to all input and output devices, and are controlled by a single operating system instance that treats all ...
Multiple threads can interfere with each other when sharing hardware resources such as caches or translation lookaside buffers (TLBs). As a result, execution times of a single thread are not improved and can be degraded, even when only one thread is executing, due to lower frequencies or additional pipeline stages that are necessary to accommodate thread-switching hardware.
Memory coherence is an issue that affects the design of computer systems in which two or more processors or cores share a common area of memory. [1] [2] [3] [4]In a uniprocessor system (where there exists only one core), there is only one processing element doing all the work and therefore only one processing element that can read or write from/to a given memory location.
In computing and computer science, a processor or processing unit is an electrical component (digital circuit) that performs operations on an external data source, usually memory or some other data stream. [1]
In parallel computing, granularity (or grain size) of a task is a measure of the amount of work (or computation) which is performed by that task. [1]Another definition of granularity takes into account the communication overhead between multiple processors or processing elements.