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Bank of two-motion switches. The Strowger switch is the first commercially successful electromechanical stepping switch telephone exchange system. It was developed by the Strowger Automatic Telephone Exchange Company founded in 1891 by Almon Brown Strowger. Because of its operational characteristics, it is also known as a step-by-step (SXS) switch.
The Number Five Crossbar Switching System (5XB switch) is a telephone switch for telephone exchanges designed by Bell Labs and manufactured by Western Electric starting in 1947. It was used in the Bell System principally as a Class 5 telephone switch in the public switched telephone network (PSTN) until the early 1990s, when it was replaced ...
Panel switch district selector frame at the Connections Museum in Seattle. The Panel Machine Switching System is a type of automatic telephone exchange for urban service that was used in the Bell System in the United States for seven decades.
In electrical engineering, a stepping switch or stepping relay, also known as a uniselector, is an electromechanical device that switches an input signal path to one of several possible output paths, directed by a train of electrical pulses. The major use of stepping switches was in early automatic telephone exchanges to route telephone calls ...
With the advances of digital electronics starting in the 1960s telephone switches employed semiconductor device components in increasing measure. In the late 20th century most telephone exchanges without TDM processing were eliminated and the term electronic switching system became largely a historical distinction for the older SPC systems.
Switches can be designed to respond to any type of mechanical stimulus: for example, vibration (the trembler switch), tilt, air pressure, fluid level (a float switch), the turning of a key , linear or rotary movement (a limit switch or microswitch), or presence of a magnetic field (the reed switch). Many switches are operated automatically by ...
The switch is operated manually with metal pins that create a connection between the horizontally and vertically arranged bars. [1] In electronics and telecommunications, a crossbar switch (cross-point switch, matrix switch) is a collection of switches arranged in a matrix configuration. A crossbar switch has multiple input and output lines ...
A master control console (MCC) provides office technicians access to the switch through the processor peripheral interface (PPI). [2] Early versions used the same 1A processor as the contemporaneous improved 1AESS switch. All existing switches have been subsequently upgraded to use the 1B processor.