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The Marshall Attack (also called the Marshall Gambit) is a chess opening characterised by the moves: . 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5. The Marshall Attack is an aggressive line in the Ruy Lopez, where Black sacrifices a pawn by playing d5 to gain initiative and a kingside attack.
The Ruy Lopez (/ r ɔɪ, ˈ r uː i /; Spanish: [ˈruj ˈlopeθ]), [1] also called the Spanish Opening or Spanish Game, is a chess opening characterised by the moves: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5. The Ruy Lopez is named after 16th-century Spanish priest Ruy López de Segura. It is one of the most popular openings, with many variations.
The chess database chessgames.com [10] contains 9,264 games in which the Berlin Defence was played, making it the second-most popular variation of the Ruy Lopez and constituting about 17% of all Ruy Lopez games. Of the games in which it was played, 33.1% were wins for White, 22.4% wins for Black, and 44.5% drawn.
The Exchange Variation of the Ruy Lopez is a chess opening that begins with the moves: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Bxc6. Black may recapture on c6 with either pawn; although 4...bxc6 is playable, 4...dxc6 is almost always chosen at master level. Black has gained the bishop pair at the cost of a weakened pawn structure, having doubled pawns ...
The Fishing Pole is a chess opening trap most common in the Ruy Lopez (especially in the Berlin Defence and Exchange Variations), however, the trap can be used in any opening or in the middle of the game. Its broadest definition is a move that sacrifices a knight or bishop on the g-file to open up the h-file, after the opponent king has short ...
Among the analysis Ruy López gives in his treatise is an example of the opening that bears his name. López contends that the following line proves black should avoid the "Ruy López" by playing 2... d6 instead of 2... Nc6. 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Bc5 4.c3 d6 5.d4 exd4 6.cxd4 Bb4+ 7.Nc3 Bd7 8.Bf4 Nf6 9.Qd3 Bxc3+ 10.bxc3 [15]
This variation can also be reached from the Ruy Lopez, Berlin Defence. After 4.Bb5, Black has four major alternatives. The first of these is 4...Bb4, the Symmetrical Variation known as the Double Spanish Variation. Black can play more aggressively by 4...Nd4, the Rubinstein Variation.
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nf6. The trap begins with Black playing the Berlin Defense to the Ruy Lopez. Although the Berlin was much more popular in the 19th century than in the 20th, it "became the height of theory when Vladimir Kramnik used it as his main defense to defeat Garry Kasparov in their 2000 World Championship match."