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The artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus), [1] also known by the other names: French artichoke, globe artichoke, and green artichoke. In the United States, [2] it is a variety of a species of thistle cultivated as food. The edible portion of the plant consists of the flower buds before the flowers come into bloom.
The cardoon (Cynara cardunculus / ˈ s ɪ n ər ə k ɑːr ˈ d ʌ n k j ʊ l ə s /), [2] [3] also called the artichoke thistle, is a thistle in the family Asteraceae. It is a naturally occurring species that also has many cultivated forms , including the globe artichoke .
Jerusalem artichokes are so well-suited for the European climate and soil that the plant multiplies quickly. By the mid-1600s, the Jerusalem artichoke had become a very common vegetable for human consumption in Europe and the Americas and was also used for livestock feed in Europe and colonial America. [11]
Cynara is a genus of thistle-like perennial plants in the family Asteraceae. They are native to the Mediterranean region, the Middle East, northwestern Africa, and the Canary Islands. The genus name comes from the Greek kynara, which means "artichoke". [2] Among the better known species in this genus include:
Stachys affinis, commonly called crosne, Chinese artichoke, Japanese artichoke, knotroot, or artichoke betony, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the family Lamiaceae, originating from China. Its rhizome is a root vegetable that can be eaten raw, pickled, dried or cooked.
Artichoke cactus, a species of cactus; Jerusalem artichoke, a species of sunflower with an edible tuber; Stachys affinis, also known as Chinese artichoke or Artichoke betony, an herbaceous perennial plant of the family Lamiaceae; Artichoke Garlic
Countries by artichoke production in 2016 A map of artichoke production, 2005. This is a list of countries by artichoke production in 2022, based on data from the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database. [1] The estimated total world artichoke production for 2022 was 1,584,514 metric tonnes. [1]
The first record of artichoke cultivation in Italy was during the fifteenth century in Naples, where it was considered a new food species. [4] In 1466, Filippo Strozzi brought the first artichoke to Florence. By 1473, it had arrived in Venice. In 1915, 64,000 tons were produced. [5] Italy produces dozens of varieties. [6]