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Miliaria, commonly known as heat rash, sweat rash, or prickly heat, [1] is a skin disease marked by small, itchy rashes due to sweat trapped under the skin by clogged sweat-gland ducts. Miliaria is a common ailment in hot and humid conditions, such as in the tropics and during the summer. [ 2 ]
Many diseases cause sweat gland dysfunction: Acromegaly, a result of excess growth hormone, causes the size of sweat glands increase, which leads to thicker skin. [71] Aquagenic wrinkling of the palms, in which white papules develop on the palms after exposure to water, can sometimes come with abnormal aquaporin 5 in the sweat glands. [72]
In addition to topical antiperspirants (whose main active ingredients usually are aluminum or zirconium salts) treatment options include: iontophoresis (hands, feet), onabotulinumtoxinA injections (underarms, hands, feet, and other localized areas), [11] electromagnetic/ microwave energy thermolysis of underarm sweat glands , [12] laser ...
Hands, feet, armpits, groin, and the facial area are among the most active regions of perspiration due to the high number of sweat glands (eccrine glands in particular) in these areas. When excessive sweating is localized (e.g. palms, soles, face, underarms, scalp) it is referred to as primary hyperhidrosis or focal hyperhidrosis.
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic cutaneous condition originally thought to be primarily characterized by suppurative inflammation of the apocrine sweat glands. [ 3 ] : 710 Recent evidence supports that the primary event is follicular hyperkeratosis and obstruction, [ 4 ] but the term hidradenitis supperativa has continued to be used in ...
Treatments for hyperhidrosis include antiperspirants, iontophoresis, and surgical removal of sweat glands. In severe cases, botulinum toxin injections or surgical cutting of nerves that stimulate the excessive sweating ( endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy ) may be an option.
Acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis appears to have a variety of etiologies. Theoretically, dysfunction or degeneration of cholinergic sympathetic nerve fibers involved in sweating (sudomotor neuropathy), dysfunction of acetylcholine receptors and/or cholinergic signals (idiopathic pure sudomotor failure may fall under this category), and primary failures of the sweat glands with ...
Hidradenoma refers to a benign adnexal tumor of the apical sweat gland. [1] [2] These are 1–3 cm translucent blue cystic nodules. It usually presents as a single, small skin-colored lesion, and may be considered closely related to or a variant of poromas. [3] Hidradenomas are often sub-classified based on subtle histologic differences, for ...