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  2. Punched card input/output - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punched_card_input/output

    A computer punched card reader or just computer card reader is a computer input device used to read computer programs in either source or executable form and data from punched cards. A computer card punch is a computer output device that punches holes in cards. Sometimes computer punch card readers were combined with computer card punches and ...

  3. Computer programming in the punched card era - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programming_in...

    A single program deck, with individual subroutines marked. The markings show the effects of editing, as cards are replaced or reordered. Many early programming languages, including FORTRAN, COBOL and the various IBM assembler languages, used only the first 72 columns of a card – a tradition that traces back to the IBM 711 card reader used on the IBM 704/709/7090/7094 series (especially the ...

  4. IBM 1402 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_1402

    Input hopper for the IBM 1402's card punch Cables entering the back of the IBM 1402. The IBM 1402 was a high-speed card reader/punch introduced on October 5, 1959 as a peripheral input/output device for the IBM 1401 computer. It was later used with other computers of the IBM 1400 series and IBM 7000 series product lines.

  5. Punched card - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punched_card

    Computer punched card reader—a computer input device used to read executable computer programs and data from punched cards under computer control. Card readers, found in early computers, could read up to 100 cards per minute, while traditional "high-speed" card readers could read about 1,000 cards per minute. [90] Computer card punch—a ...

  6. IBM 1401 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_1401

    The IBM 1401 is a variable-wordlength decimal computer that was announced by IBM on October 5, 1959. The first member of the highly successful IBM 1400 series, it was aimed at replacing unit record equipment for processing data stored on punched cards and at providing peripheral services for larger computers. [1]

  7. ICT 1301 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICT_1301

    The ICT 1301 and its smaller derivative ICT 1300 were early business computers from International Computers and Tabulators.Typical of mid-sized machines of the era, they used core memory, drum storage and punched cards, but they were unusual in that they were based on decimal logic instead of binary.

  8. Unit record equipment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_record_equipment

    The IBM 046 Tape-to-Card Punch and the IBM 047 Tape-to-Card Printing Punch (which was almost identical, but with the addition of a printing mechanism) read data from punched paper tape and punched that data into cards. The IBM 063 Card-Controlled Tape Punch read punched cards, punching that data into paper tape. [83]

  9. EBCDIC - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EBCDIC

    It descended from the code used with punched cards and the corresponding six-bit binary-coded decimal code used with most of IBM's computer peripherals of the late 1950s and early 1960s. [3] It is supported by various non-IBM platforms, such as Fujitsu-Siemens ' BS2000/OSD , OS-IV, MSP, and MSP-EX, the SDS Sigma series , Unisys VS/9 , Unisys ...