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In the transverse plane, it lies between the lamina and pedicle. In other words, in the axial view, it is the bony mass between the facets that is anterior to the lamina and posterior to the pedicle. It is abnormal in spondylolysis, either due to fracture or congenitally. [1] Bilateral C2 pars fractures are known as a variant of the hangman's ...
Bertolotti's syndrome is characterized by sacralization of the lowest lumbar vertebral body and lumbarization of the uppermost sacral segment. It involves a total or partial unilateral or bilateral fusion of the transverse process of the lowest lumbar vertebra to the sacrum, leading to the formation of a transitional 5th lumbar vertebra.
A cervical rib represents a persistent ossification of the C7 lateral costal element. [11] [12] During early development, this ossified costal element typically becomes re-absorbed. Failure of this process results in a variably elongated transverse process or complete rib that can be anteriorly fused with the T1 first rib below. [14]
Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae consist of the process of the last lumbar vertebra fusing with the first sacral segment. [1] While only around 10 percent of adults have a spinal abnormality due to genetics, a sixth lumbar vertebra is one of the more common abnormalities. [2] Sacralization of the L5 vertebra is seen at the lower right of the ...
Clay-shoveler's fracture is a stable fracture through the spinous process of a vertebra occurring at any of the lower cervical or upper thoracic vertebrae, classically at C6 or C7. [1] In Australia in the 1930s, men digging deep ditches tossed clay 10 to 15 feet above their heads using long handled shovels. [ 2 ]
Sports involving repetitive or forceful hyperextension of the spine, especially when combined with rotation are the main mechanism of injury for spondylolysis. The stress fracture of the pars interarticularis occurs on the side opposite to activity. For instance, for a right-handed player, the fracture occurs on the left side of the vertebrae. [5]
From C4–5, the thyroid cartilage [10] From C6–7, the cricoid cartilage [10] At C6, the oesophagus becomes continuous with the laryngopharynx and also where the larynx becomes continuous with the trachea. It is also the level where the carotid pulse can be palpated against the transverse process of the C6 vertebrae.
Clay shoveller's fracture: Clay shovellers: spinous process fracture of C6, C7 or T1: forced hyperflexion of neck "Clay shovellers fracture". Medcyclopaedia. GE. Colles' fracture: Abraham Colles: distal radius fracture with dorsal angulation, impaction and radial drift: fall on outstretched hand: Colles' fracture at Whonamedit? Duverney ...