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Luminous intensity, a photometric quantity measured in lumens per steradian (lm/sr), or candela (cd) Irradiance, a radiometric quantity, measured in watts per square meter (W/m 2) Intensity (physics), the name for irradiance used in other branches of physics (W/m 2) Radiance, commonly called "intensity" in astronomy and astrophysics (W·sr −1 ...
Luminous intensity is the perceived power per unit solid angle. If a lamp has a 1 lumen bulb and the optics of the lamp are set up to focus the light evenly into a 1 steradian beam, then the beam would have a luminous intensity of 1 candela. If the optics were changed to concentrate the beam into 1/2 steradian then the source would have a ...
Higher-wattage light bulbs require more energy, resulting in a higher electric bill. Of the most common types of bulbs, incandescent bulbs usually have the highest wattage requirements.
Two newer ranges, high-efficiency (HE) 14–35 W, and high-output (HO) 24–80 W, introduced in the 1990s. [2] Panasonic's range of FHL fluorescent tubes in 18W, 27W, and 36W varieties for the Japanese market. Circular fluorescent tubes. Thorn/General Electric 2D fluorescent lamps and other similar lamps from various manufacturers. T6 3 ⁄ 4: ...
The luminous intensity (in candelas) is a measure of how bright the beam in a particular direction is. If a lamp has a 1 lumen bulb and the optics of the lamp are set up to focus the light evenly into a 1 steradian beam, then the beam would have a luminous intensity of 1 candela. If the optics were changed to concentrate the beam into 1/2 ...
Sources that depend on thermal emission from a solid filament, such as incandescent light bulbs, tend to have low overall efficacy because, as explained by Donald L. Klipstein, "An ideal thermal radiator produces visible light most efficiently at temperatures around 6300 °C (6600 K or 11,500 °F). Even at this high temperature, a lot of the ...