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In computing, CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) is a proprietary [2] parallel computing platform and application programming interface (API) that allows software to use certain types of graphics processing units (GPUs) for accelerated general-purpose processing, an approach called general-purpose computing on GPUs.
CUDA code runs on both the central processing unit (CPU) and graphics processing unit (GPU). NVCC separates these two parts and sends host code (the part of code which will be run on the CPU) to a C compiler like GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) or Intel C++ Compiler (ICC) or Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler, and sends the device code (the part which will run on the GPU) to the GPU.
The Nvidia CUDA Compiler (NVCC) translates code written in CUDA, a C++-like language, into PTX instructions (an assembly language), and the graphics driver contains a compiler which translates PTX instructions into executable binary code, [2] which can run on the processing cores of Nvidia graphics processing units (GPUs).
Nvidia's CUDA is closed-source, whereas AMD ROCm is open source. There is open-source software built on top of the closed-source CUDA, for instance RAPIDS. CUDA is able run on consumer GPUs, whereas ROCm support is mostly offered for professional hardware such as AMD Instinct and AMD Radeon Pro.
CuPy is a part of the NumPy ecosystem array libraries [7] and is widely adopted to utilize GPU with Python, [8] especially in high-performance computing environments such as Summit, [9] Perlmutter, [10] EULER, [11] and ABCI.
Nvidia started enabling PhysX hardware acceleration on its line of GeForce graphics cards [7] and eventually dropped support for Ageia PPUs. [ 8 ] PhysX SDK 3.0 was released in May 2011 and represented a significant rewrite of the SDK, bringing improvements such as more efficient multithreading and a unified code base for all supported platforms.
The DirectCompute architecture shares a range of computational interfaces with its competitors: OpenCL from Khronos Group, compute shaders in OpenGL, and CUDA from NVIDIA. The DirectCompute API brings enhanced multi-threading capabilities to leverage the emerging advanced compute resources. [ 2 ]
Nvidia OptiX (OptiX Application Acceleration Engine) is a ray tracing API that was first developed around 2009. [1] The computations are offloaded to the GPUs through either the low-level or the high-level API introduced with CUDA. CUDA is only available for Nvidia's graphics products. Nvidia OptiX is part of Nvidia GameWorks. OptiX is a high ...