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An enthusiastic crowd cheers soldiers after their mobilisation in Lübeck in 1914. The Spirit of 1914 (German: Geist von 1914; or, more frequently, Augusterlebnis, lit. ' August Experience ') was the name given to the feeling of euphoria that affected parts of the German population at the start of World War I. For many decades after the war ...
The First Battle of the Marne or known in France as the Miracle on the Marne (French: miracle de la Marne) was a battle of the First World War fought from the 5th to the 12th September 1914. [4] The German army invaded France with a plan for winning the war in 40 days by occupying Paris and destroying the French and British armies (Allies/Entente).
World War I mobilization, 1 August 1914. Germany's population had already responded to the outbreak of war in 1914 with a complex mix of emotions, in a similar way to the populations of emotions in the United Kingdom; notions of universal enthusiasm known as the Spirit of 1914 have been challenged by more recent scholarship. [1]
A Berlin crowd listens as a German officer reads Wilhelm II's order for mobilisation, 1 August 1914. The German Empire declared war on the Russian Empire, following Russia's full military mobilization in support of Serbia. The declaration of war also required Germany to begin mobilization. [1]
The "spirit of 1914" was the enthusiastic support of many of the educated middle- and upper-class elements of the population for the war when it first broke out in 1914. [19] In the Reichstag, the vote for war credits was unanimous, with all the Social Democrats joining in. One professor testified to a "great single feeling of moral elevation ...
The German command opted to employ chemical warfare, using chlorine and bromine gases to flush out the Russian defenders and ensure an easy capture of the fortress. By late July 1915, 30 gas artillery batteries had been deployed to the German front lines, each equipped with several thousand gas shells.
In addition to the main body of the Imperial German Navy stationed in home waters, Germany also maintained a number of overseas deployments of ships. The majority of these were usually of one or two cruisers operating independently, with the primary formation of German warships outside German waters being the East Asia Squadron , under the ...
Graduating from the Staff College was a prerequisite for appointment to the Prussian General Staff (later the German General Staff). Carl von Clausewitz enrolled as one of its first students in 1801 (before it was renamed), while other attendees included Field Marshals von Steinmetz, von Moltke, and von Blumenthal in the 1820s and 1830s.