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In the Henry Classification System, there are three basic fingerprint patterns: loop, whorl, and arch, [28] which constitute 60–65 percent, 30–35 percent, and 5 percent of all fingerprints respectively. [29]
The Henry Classification System is a long-standing method by which fingerprints are sorted by physiological characteristics for one-to-many searching. Developed by Hem Chandra Bose, [1] Qazi Azizul Haque [2] and Sir Edward Henry in the late 19th century for criminal investigations in British India, [3] it was the basis of modern-day AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System ...
Each child develops in a unique way; however, using norms helps in understanding these general patterns of development while recognizing the wide variation between individuals. One way to identify pervasive developmental disorders is if infants fail to meet the development milestones in time or at all.
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For example, most biometric features could disclose physiological and/or pathological medical conditions (e.g., some fingerprint patterns are related to chromosomal diseases, iris patterns could reveal sex, hand vein patterns could reveal vascular diseases, most behavioral biometrics could reveal neurological diseases, etc.). [50]
Developmental noise may help individuals gain the ability to adapt to the environment. Biological systems display both variation and robustness. [6] Natural variation within a population is in large part genetically determined, but variation due to noise may contribute to a rapid response by an individual to changes in the environment.
Thompson, reviewing the history of the development of fingerprint science, noted that while other thinkers in the 19th century tried to create a method to categorize fingerprints, these other methods could not be quickly used to match a set of prints to a suspect. Thompson writes: The breakthrough in matching prints came from Bengal, India.
Determined to exonerate the man, he compared the fingerprints left behind at the crime scene to those of the suspect and found them to be different. On the strength of this evidence the police agreed to release the suspect. In an attempt to promote the idea of fingerprint identification he sought the help of the noted naturalist Charles Darwin.