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In a broad sense, value theory is a catch-all label that encompasses all philosophical disciplines studying evaluative or normative topics. According to this view, value theory is one of the main branches of philosophy and includes ethics, aesthetics, social philosophy, political philosophy, and philosophy of religion. [4]
On the other hand, there are theories of the existence of absolute values, [8] which can also be termed noumenal values (and not to be confused with mathematical absolute value). An absolute value can be described as philosophically absolute and independent of individual and cultural views, as well as independent of whether it is known or ...
The Integrated Psychological Theory of leadership attempts to integrate the strengths of the older theories (i.e. traits, behavioral/styles, situational and functional) while addressing their limitations, introducing a new element – the need for leaders to develop their leadership presence, attitude toward others, and behavioral flexibility ...
Ethical leadership is leadership that is directed by respect for ethical beliefs and values and for the dignity and rights of others. It is thus related to concepts such as trust, honesty, consideration, charisma, and fairness. [1] [2] Ethics is concerned with the kinds of values and morals an individual or a society finds desirable or appropriate.
Among the proponents of authentic leadership, there are many theories regarding why authentic leadership is an effective leadership strategy. Authentic leadership has been shown to promote team members' belief in the team's ability to succeed, known as team potency, [19] which has in turn been shown to improve team performance.
Path-goal theory is a contingency theory linking appropriate leader style to organizational conditions and subordinate personality. [45] Transformational leadership theory concerns the behaviors leaders engage in that inspire high levels of motivation and performance in followers.
Research has found that this leadership style is one of the most effective and creates higher productivity, better contributions from group members, and increased group morale. Democratic leadership can lead to better ideas and more creative solutions to problems because group members are encouraged to share their thoughts and ideas.
Each group of theories tends to concentrate on different aspects of the subject so that if ethics can be defined as, say, the principles governing the conduct of a person [113] then the first group of theories (ontology and deontology) looks at the principles themselves, the second group of theories (teleology and consequentialism) looks at the ...