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Fifth disease. What it looks like: Fifth Disease is caused by Parvovirus B19 and presents with a red rash on the cheeks, arms, and legs that can last for several weeks. This condition occurs most ...
The virus is commonly known as Fifth Disease “because it was the fifth in a list of common childhood rash illnesses, which also included measles, scarlet fever, rubella and roseola,” says ...
The rash also typically spreads quickly, the Mayo Clinic says. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is considered a medical emergency and requires prompt treatment, Hu says.
Fifth disease, also known as erythema infectiosum and slapped cheek syndrome, [3] is a common and contagious disease caused by infection with parvovirus B19. [4] This virus was discovered in 1975 and can cause other diseases besides fifth disease. [5] Fifth disease typically presents as a rash and is most common in children.
It is the classic cause of the childhood rash called fifth disease or erythema infectiosum, or "slapped face syndrome". [5] [6] The name comes from it being the fifth in a list of historical classifications of common skin rash illnesses in children. [7] The virus was discovered by chance in 1975 by Australian virologist Yvonne Cossart.
The disease is named because it is a porphyria that often presents with skin manifestations later in life. The disorder results from low levels of the enzyme responsible for the fifth step in heme production. Heme is a vital molecule for all of the body's organs. It is a component of hemoglobin, the molecule that carries oxygen in the blood.
These conditions, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, affect a range of organs and systems within the body. Each disorder is listed with the primary organ or body part that it affects and the associated autoantibodies that are typically found in people diagnosed with the condition. Each disorder is also categorized ...
In a normal case, the swelling will decrease without treatment within 15–30 minutes, but, in extreme cases, itchy red welts may last anywhere from a few hours to days. In some cases, welts are accompanied with a painful burning sensation. [3] This calls for more urgent treatment as the condition can impact on the patient's quality of life.