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The phonological system of the modern Belarusian language consists of at least 44 phonemes: 5 vowels and 39 consonants.Consonants may also be geminated. There is no absolute agreement on the number of phonemes; rarer or contextually variant sounds are included by some scholars.
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Belarusian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
The medieval Cyrillic alphabet had 43 letters. Later, 15 letters were dropped, the last 4 after the introduction of the first official Belarusian grammar in 1918. Since four new letters were added, there are now 32 letters. The new letters were: The э ((CYRILLIC) EH) appeared in Belarusian texts in about the late-15th century.
The grammar of the Belarusian language is mostly synthetic and partly analytic, and norms of the modern language were adopted in 1959. Belarusian orthography is mainly based on the Belarusian folk dialects of the Minsk-Vilnius region, such as they were at the beginning of the 20th century. Initially, Belarusian grammar was formalised by notable ...
In Poland, the Belarusian language is declared as a "language spoken at home" by about 40,000 inhabitants [16] According to a study done by the Belarusian government in 2009, 72% of Belarusians speak Russian at home, while Belarusian is actively used by only 11.9% of Belarusians (others speak a mixture of Russian and Belarusian, known as ...
hard consonants before е were also used in the Old Belarusian language in 16th–17th centuries (сэнат, фэстъ; сындикъ, сындыкъ, сынодъ, визытовати, дыспозыцы(я)), as well as in Belarusian language in the 19th century (сэнат, маніфэст, пэнсія; сындыкат(ъ), сынод ...
After the consonants. Лепель - Liepieĺ Ё ё: Jo jo: In the beginning of the word, after the vowels or the apostrophe or the separating soft sign or the Ўў/Ŭŭ. Ёды - Jody, Вераб’ёвiчы - Vierabjovičy io: After the consonants. Мёры - Miory Ж ж: Ž ž-Жодзiшкi - Žodziški З з: Z z-Зэльва - Zeĺva І ...
Ŭ represents a semivowel in the orthography of Esperanto, which is an international auxiliary language publicly presented in 1887. As in Belarusian, Esperanto Ŭ is pronounced as a non-syllabic , primarily in the diphthongs aŭ, eŭ and rarely oŭ.