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In computer programming, several language mechanisms exist for exception handling. The term exception is typically used to denote a data structure storing information about an exceptional condition. One mechanism to transfer control, or raise an exception, is known as a throw; the exception is said to be thrown. Execution is transferred to a catch.
C does not provide direct support to exception handling: it is the programmer's responsibility to prevent errors in the first place and test return values from the functions.
In a language that supports formal exception handling, a graceful exit may be the final step in the handling of an exception. In other languages graceful exits can be implemented with additional statements at the locations of possible errors.
try {// do something} catch (Exception ex) {// maybe do some local handling of the exception throw new Exception (ex. Message ); } A better way of rethrowing exceptions without losing information is to throw the original exception from the catch clause:
The first hardware exception handling was found in the UNIVAC I from 1951. Arithmetic overflow executed two instructions at address 0 which could transfer control or fix up the result. [16] Software exception handling developed in the 1960s and 1970s. Exception handling was subsequently widely adopted by many programming languages from the ...
try-with-resources statements are a special type of try-catch-finally statements introduced as an implementation of the dispose pattern in Java SE 7. In a try-with-resources statement the try keyword is followed by initialization of one or more resources that are released automatically when the try block execution is finished. Resources must ...
In Object Pascal, D, Java, C#, and Python a finally clause can be added to the try construct. No matter how control leaves the try the code inside the finally clause is guaranteed to execute. This is useful when writing code that must relinquish an expensive resource (such as an opened file or a database connection) when finished processing:
This mechanism enables the automated handling of software errors independent of the application source code and of its developers. It is a direct artifact of the runtime engine paradigm and it enables unique advantages to the software life cycle that were unavailable before.