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A major step forward in pacemaker function has been to attempt to mimic nature by utilizing various inputs to produce a rate-responsive pacemaker using parameters such as the QT interval, pO 2 – pCO 2 (dissolved oxygen or carbon dioxide levels) in the arterial-venous system, physical activity as determined by an accelerometer, body ...
An artificial cardiac pacemaker (or artificial pacemaker, so as not to be confused with the natural cardiac pacemaker) or just pacemaker is an implanted medical device that generates electrical impulses delivered by electrodes to the chambers of the heart either the upper atria, or lower ventricles to cause the targeted chambers to contract and ...
Diaphragm pacing (and even earlier as electrophrenic respiration [1] [2]) is the rhythmic application of electrical impulses to the diaphragm to provide artificial ventilatory support for respiratory failure or sleep apnea.
The cardiac conduction system (CCS, also called the electrical conduction system of the heart) [1] transmits the signals generated by the sinoatrial node – the heart's pacemaker, to cause the heart muscle to contract, and pump blood through the body's circulatory system.
The interstitial cells of Cajal are specialized pacemaker cells [3] located in the wall of the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. [1] These cells are connected to the smooth muscle via gap junctions and the myenteric plexus. The cell membranes of the pacemaker cells undergo a rhythmic depolarization and repolarization from -65mV to ...
Pacemakers are also sometimes used temporarily when someone is recovering from a heart attack or heart surgery, but in this case only the wires are inserted into the body; the pacemaker box stays ...
An artificial organ is a human-made organ device or tissue that is implanted or integrated into a human – interfacing with living tissue – to replace a natural organ, to duplicate or augment a specific function or functions so the patient may return to a normal life as soon as possible. [1]
The difference between pacemakers and ICDs is that pacemakers are also available as temporary units and are generally designed to correct slow heart rates, i.e. bradycardia, while ICDs are often permanent safeguards against sudden life-threatening arrhythmias. S-ICD lead and generator position Sketch of an already-implanted cardioverter ...