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Australian permanent residents are residents of Australia who hold a permanent visa but are not citizens of Australia. A holder of a permanent visa may remain in Australia indefinitely. A 5-year initial travel facility, which corresponds to the underlying migration program, is granted alongside the permanent visa.
Australia maintains a list of skilled occupations that are currently acceptable for immigration to Australia. [ 58 ] In 2009, following the global financial crisis , the Australian government reduced its immigration target by 14%, and the permanent migration program for skilled migrants was reduced to 115,000 people for that financial year. [ 59 ]
Australia was the first country in the world to launch electronic visas. [12] Australia officially ceased the issuance of visa stickers on 1 September 2015, and all visas are issued and recorded electronically. [10] From July 2017, the use of outgoing departure cards ceased.
Ideology and Immigration: Australia 1976 to 1987 (1997) Burnley, I.H. The Impact of Immigration in Australia: A Demographic Approach (2001) Foster, William, et al. Immigration and Australia: Myths and Realities (1998) Jupp, James. From White Australia to Woomera: The Story of Australian Immigration (2007) excerpt and text search; Jupp, James.
The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south-east Asia 50,000 to 65,000 years ago, during the last glacial period. [1] [2] Arriving by sea, they settled the continent and had formed approximately 250 distinct language groups by the time of European settlement, maintaining some of the longest known continuing artistic and religious traditions in the world.
There have been three types of PR card in circulation: the 2002, the 2009 and the 2015 version. As all PR card's lifespan cannot exceed five years, the initial 2002 and 2009 versions should be no longer in use. [12] All three versions of the card contain a maple leaf in the front of the card, hence earning the nickname "maple leaf card".
The second half of the twentieth century was the professional development building era of public relations. Trade associations, PR news magazines, international PR agencies, and academic principles for the profession were established. In the early 2000s, press release services began offering social media press releases.
Class Type Description C: Car licence: Covers vehicles up to 4.5 tonnes gross vehicle mass (GVM). GVM is the maximum allowed weight of the vehicle when loaded. The licence allows the holder to drive cars, utilities, vans, some light trucks, car-based motor tricycles, tractors and implements such as graders, vehicles that seat up to 12 adults, including the driver.